{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T12:09:34Z","timestamp":1769947774621,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A2C1005993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C1005993"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Eruca sativa is a commonly used edible plant in Italian cuisine. E. sativa 70% ethanol extract (ES) was fractionated with five organic solvents, including n-hexane (EHex), chloroform (ECHCl3), ethyl acetate (EEA), n-butyl alcohol (EBuOH), and water (EDW). Ethyl acetate fraction (EEA) had the highest antioxidant activity, which was correlated with the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. ES and EEA acted as PPAR-\u03b1 ligands by PPAR-\u03b1 competitive binding assay. EEA significantly increased cornified envelope formation as a keratinocyte terminal differentiation marker in HaCaT cells. Further, it significantly reduced nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The main flavonol forms detected in high amounts from EEA are mono-and di-glycoside of each aglycone. The main flavonol form of EEA is the mono-glycoside of each aglycone detected, and the most abundant flavonol mono-glycoside is kaempferol 3-glucoside 7.4%, followed by quercetin-3-glucoside 2.3% and isorhamnetin 3-glucoside 1.4%. Flavonol mono-glycosides were shown to be a potent PPAR-\u03b1 ligand using molecular docking simulation and showed the inhibition of nitric oxide. These results suggest that the flavonol composition of E. sativa is suitable for use in improving skin barrier function and inflammation in skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46010025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T10:36:59Z","timestamp":1704191819000},"page":"398-408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Quantitative Analysis and Molecular Docking Simulation of Flavonols from Eruca sativa Mill. and Their Effect on Skin Barrier Function"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Jihye","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The Graduate School, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5149-7238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wonchul","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program in Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The Graduate School, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The Graduate School, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jee-Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structure Based Drug Design Laboratory, New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-Medi Hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5073-2619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jongsung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program in Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bora","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The Graduate School, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s3","DOI":"10.36849\/JDD.589a","article-title":"ARTICLE: Evolution of Skin Barrier Science for Healthy and Compromised Skin","volume":"20","author":"Haftek","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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