{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T20:43:37Z","timestamp":1776372217438,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SC2 GM136612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SC2 GM136612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R16 GM149512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R16 GM149512"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John\u2019s University, Queens, NY, USA","award":["SC2 GM136612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SC2 GM136612"]}]},{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John\u2019s University, Queens, NY, USA","award":["R16 GM149512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R16 GM149512"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present work, we evaluated the antifungal activities of two novel ebselen analogs, N-allyl-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (N-allyl-bs) and N-3-methylbutylbenzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (N-3mb-bs). Colorimetric and turbidity assays were performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these compounds in S1 (fluconazole-sensitive) and S2 (fluconazole-resistant) strains of C. albicans. N-3mb-bs was more active than the N-allyl-bs compound. It is noteworthy that the concentration of N-3mb-bs observed to inhibit fungal growth by 50% (18.2 \u00b5M) was similar to the concentration observed to inhibit the activity of the yeast plasma membrane H+-ATPase (Pma1p) by 50% (19.6 \u00b5M). We next implemented a mouse model of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) using the S1 strain and examined the mouse and yeast proteins present in the vaginal lavage fluid using proteomics. The yeast proteins detected were predominately glycolytic enzymes or virulence factors associated with C. albicans while the mouse proteins present in the lavage fluid included eosinophil peroxidase, desmocollin-1, and gasdermin-A. We then utilized the N-3mb-bs compound (12.5 mg\/kg) in the mouse VVC model and observed that it significantly reduced the vaginal fungal burden, histopathological changes in vagina tissue, and expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO). All in all, the present work has identified a potentially promising drug candidate for VVC treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46030157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T10:54:38Z","timestamp":1710759278000},"page":"2480-2496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["N-3-Methylbutyl-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one Exerts Antifungal Activity In Vitro and in a Mouse Model of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Xiuyi","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John\u2019s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7619-9288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata J.","family":"Pacu\u0142a-Miszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Vartak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John\u2019s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milankumar","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9957-1406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caifeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ganming","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John\u2019s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8252-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ketankumar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John\u2019s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1706-6108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalya U.","family":"Fedosova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3868-2022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"\u015acianowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7180-5955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blase","family":"Billack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John\u2019s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526515666150320162036","article-title":"Candidiasis: A Fungal Infection\u2014Current Challenges and Progress in Prevention and Treatment","volume":"15","author":"Hani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. 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