{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T23:42:13Z","timestamp":1789688533733,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Victor Babes University of Medicine Research Department, Timisoara, Romania"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The expression and function of podoplanin (PDPN) in the normal human placenta has been debated in placental evaluation. This study emphasizes the importance of a multimodal approach of PDPN expression in normal human placentas. A complete examination is performed using immunohistochemistry, RNAscope and automated Digital Image examination (DIA) interpretation. QuPath DIA-based analysis automatically generated the stromal and histological scores of PDPN expression for immunohistochemistry and RNAscope stains. The umbilical cord\u2019s isolated fibroblasts and luminal structures expressed PDPN protein and PDPN_mRNA. RNAscope detected PDPN_mRNA upregulation in syncytial placental knots trophoblastic cells, but immunohistochemistry did not certify this at the protein level. The study found a significant correlation between the IHC and RNAscope H-Score (p = 0.033) and Allred Score (p = 0.05). A successful multimodal strategy for PDPN assessment in human placentas confirmed PDPN expression heterogeneity in the full-term human normal placenta and umbilical cord at the protein and mRNA level. In placental syncytial knots trophoblastic cells, PDPN showed mRNA overexpression, suggesting a potential role in placenta maturation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46060310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T03:46:56Z","timestamp":1716522416000},"page":"5161-5177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Combining RNAscope, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Digital Image Analysis to Assess Podoplanin (PDPN) Protein and PDPN_mRNA Expression on Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Normal Human Placenta Tissues"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9726-5341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larisa Cristina","family":"Tomescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School in Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei Alexandru","family":"Cosma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School in Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology\/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"OncoHelp Hospital, 300239 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela Pasca","family":"Fenesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School in Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology\/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"OncoHelp Hospital, 300239 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugen","family":"Melnic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vergil","family":"Petrovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Sarb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology\/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Chis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department ME2\/Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneology, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of T\u00e2rguMure\u015f (UMPhST), 540088 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Clinic of Rheumatology, Emergency County Hospital of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, 540088 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioan","family":"Sas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4768-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Ribatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9530-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca Maria","family":"Cimpean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology\/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center of Expertise for Rare Vascular Disease in Children, Emergency Hospital for Children Louis Turcanu, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florica Ramona","family":"Dorobantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00283","article-title":"Podoplanin: Emerging functions in development, the immune system, and cancer","volume":"3","author":"Astarita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. 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