{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:03:08Z","timestamp":1770976988988,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute","award":["121021600217-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["121021600217-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can progress to chronic hepatitis, leading to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. CX3CL1\/Fractalkine plays a crucial role in recruiting immune cells that are responsible for protecting against HBV infection. The aim of this study was to measure CX3CL1\/Fractalkine concentrations in the blood plasma of individuals infected with HBV and to evaluate the role of this chemokine in the development of liver tissue fibrosis. Our study included patients infected with HBV, patients infected with HCV, autoimmune hepatitis, and healthy donors. We analyzed the CX3CL1\/Fractalkine concentrations in blood plasma using the xMAP technology. Our results showed that HBV-infected patients had lower concentrations of CX3CL1\/Fractalkine. Furthermore, in HBV-infected patients with severe fibrosis\/cirrhosis, we observed significantly lower concentrations of CX3CL1\/Fractalkine compared to those with no\/mild fibrosis. Our study revealed that CX3CL1\/Fractalkine concentrations are significantly associated with the stage of fibrosis in HBV infection. We demonstrated that lowered CX3CL1\/Fractalkine concentrations might have prognostic value for predicting fibrosis development in liver tissue. Our findings suggest that decreased concentrations of CX3CL1\/Fractalkine are associated with an increased risk of progressive liver fibrosis, indicating the potential of this chemokine as a prognostic biomarker for the development of liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46090593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T03:16:51Z","timestamp":1725938211000},"page":"9948-9957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["CX3CL1\/Fractalkine: A Potential Biomarker for Liver Fibrosis in Chronic HBV Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Arsentieva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira St. 14, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0535-5014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoia R.","family":"Korobova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira St. 14, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg, L\u2019va Tolstogo St. 6\u20138, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oleg K.","family":"Batsunov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira St. 14, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg, L\u2019va Tolstogo St. 6\u20138, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia E.","family":"Lyubimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira St. 14, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina V.","family":"Basina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of Adults and Epidemiology, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Litovskaya St., Bldg. 2, 194100 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena V.","family":"Esaulenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira St. 14, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of Adults and Epidemiology, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Litovskaya St., Bldg. 2, 194100 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4571-8799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Areg A.","family":"Totolian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira St. 14, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg, L\u2019va Tolstogo St. 6\u20138, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.15789\/1563-0625-COC-1964","article-title":"Content of certain cytokines and chemokines in blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B in the early stages of liver fibrosis","volume":"22","author":"Batsunov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. 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