{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:45:51Z","timestamp":1791999951774,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Incubation Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development, and Innovation of the University of Szeged"},{"name":"Preventive Health Sciences Research Group"},{"name":"National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund as part of the University Researcher Scholarship Program of the Ministry of Culture and Innovation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The oral microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, is essential for maintaining both oral and systemic health. This complex ecosystem includes over 700 bacterial species, such as Streptococcus mutans, which contributes to dental caries through acid production that demineralizes tooth enamel. Fungi like Candida and pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis are also significant, as they can lead to periodontal diseases through inflammation and destruction of tooth-supporting structures. Dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, is a key factor in the development of these oral diseases. Understanding the composition and functions of the oral microbiome is vital for creating targeted therapies for these conditions. Additionally, the kynurenine pathway, which processes the amino acid tryptophan, plays a crucial role in immune regulation, neuroprotection, and inflammation. Oral bacteria can metabolize tryptophan, influencing the production of kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and quinolinic acid, thereby affecting the kynurenine system. The balance of microbial species in the oral cavity can impact tryptophan levels and its metabolites. This narrative review aims to explore the relationship between the oral microbiome, oral diseases, and the kynurenine system in relation to certain systemic diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46110750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T07:47:16Z","timestamp":1730965636000},"page":"12641-12657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Rita","family":"Kis-Gy\u00f6rgy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Health Behaviour and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesv\u00e1ri krt. 31., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Szeged, Sz\u0151kefalvi\u2013Nagy B\u00e9la u. 4\/B, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"K\u00f6rt\u00e9si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical Health Sciences and Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesv\u00e1ri krt. 31., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Preventive Health Sciences Research Group, Incubation Competence Centre of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation of the University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, University of Szeged (HUN-REN-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Anicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i \u00dat 78\/A, H-1182 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2121-4625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Nagy-Gr\u00f3cz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical Health Sciences and Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesv\u00e1ri krt. 31., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Preventive Health Sciences Research Group, Incubation Competence Centre of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation of the University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.09.013","article-title":"Rethinking \u201centerotypes\u201d","volume":"16","author":"Knights","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, P. 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