{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:03:27Z","timestamp":1787166207749,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education research project within the University of Rzesz\u00f3w","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PB\/ZCHTZ\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PB\/ZCHTZ\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Berberine is a natural substance obtained from the roots of common barberry which, due to its strong pharmacological activity, is a commonly tested ingredient of dietary supplements. However, ornamental barberries, which are widely available, have not been considered as a source of berberine so far. The research aimed to check whether the ornamental barberry leaves and twigs could be used as an easily accessible raw material for obtaining natural berberine-rich extract with biological activity. Twigs and leaves of seven cultivars of ornamental barberry extracts were assessed for their polyphenol content, antioxidant potential (FRAP and DPPH), and berberine content using high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). As a reference, commercially available roots of Berberis vulgaris were used. For the next step, selected extracts (two with high and two with low berberine content) were tested on three cell lines (HaCaT, A375, Caco-2) using neutral red assay, and pure berberine sulfate (1\u2013100 \u03bcg mL\u22121) was used as a control. Although the antioxidant potential of aqueous\u2013methanol extracts of tested barberry was higher for the leaves than for the twigs, the berberine content was determined only in the twig extracts (from 42 to 676 mg 100 g\u22121). Studies on cell lines have shown the general toxicity of barberry extracts, but the observed effect was not directly correlated with the content of the alkaloid. However, the extract showed greater activity compared to an analogous dose of pure berberine, suggesting a significant effect of the matrix composition. For the first time, it was shown that the twigs of selected cultivars of ornamental barberry can be considered as a promising berberine source for the pharmaceutical industry to develop new effective formulations. However, these findings require further studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46110787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T06:57:54Z","timestamp":1732172274000},"page":"13193-13208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ornamental Barberry Twigs as an Underexploited Source of Berberine-Rich Extracts\u2014Preliminary Research"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9312-2506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Mi\u0142ek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, \u0106wikli\u0144skiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1601-6296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"D\u017cugan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, \u0106wikli\u0144skiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5325-8123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Pie\u0144kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1129-3553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabina","family":"Galiniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9962-6788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Mo\u0142o\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3586-467X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Litwi\u0144czuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Environment Management and Protection, University of Rzeszow, \u0106wikli\u0144skiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"The genus Berberis Linn.: A review","volume":"2","author":"Rashmi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. 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