{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T08:30:26Z","timestamp":1771489826522,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum UMK in Bydgoszcz, Poland","award":["SDZ-3\/WL\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SDZ-3\/WL\/2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background\/Objectives: The pathogenic process of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is known to begin decades before its clinical onset. This period, although imperceptible to the patient, encompasses a gradual neuronal loss. The first symptoms of dementia, often classified as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in many cases converts into incipient AD, but can also remain stable or even reverse to cognitive norm. An easy and fast blood-based method of identifying patients at risk of conversion to AD would allow for the application of disease-altering therapies. This preliminary study focuses on the identification and assessment of the relationship between plasma amyloid beta (A\u03b2) and cognitive performance in older Polish adults with respect to its adequacy as a biomarker of an early cognitive deterioration. (2) Methods: The preliminary research sample consisted of 230 participants, 109 females and 121 males, aged 65 plus. The association between plasma A\u03b2 concentrations with cognitive status, gender, and age were assessed. The analyses were conducted in three categories of cognitive performance: cognitive norm, mild cognitive impairment, and mild dementia, based on results of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and functional tests. (3) Results: No significant differences in plasma A\u03b2 levels for different cognitive statuses were identified. No significant differences were found in A\u03b2 levels based on age or gender. (4) Conclusions: In order to thoroughly explore the power of research on plasma A\u03b2 with respect to early cognitive deterioration, further prospective studies are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47030203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T06:02:40Z","timestamp":1742277760000},"page":"203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Amyloid Beta as a Candidate Blood Biomarker of Early Cognitive Decline in the Elderly\u2014A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2429-7382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliwia","family":"McFarlane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Law and Health Policy, \u015awi\u0119toja\u0144ska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6988-3038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Kozakiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Geriatrics, Curie-Sk\u0142odowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kornelia","family":"K\u0119dziora-Kornatowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Geriatrics, Curie-Sk\u0142odowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Ga\u0142\u0119ska-\u015aliwka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Law and Health Policy, \u015awi\u0119toja\u0144ska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Wojciechowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Law and Health Policy, \u015awi\u0119toja\u0144ska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022). 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