{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:37:42Z","timestamp":1790098662920,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) is a severe, life-threatening liver inflammation caused by chronic heavy drinking, with high short-term mortality despite abstinence and supportive care. The pathophysiology involves a compromised gut\u2013liver axis, activation of Kupffer cells, stimulation of hepatic stellate cells, and progressive fibrosis. Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, play a role as modulators of these processes. Understanding dysregulated miRNAs in AH may provide insights into novel diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Several miRNAs have been identified as critical regulators of AH pathogenesis. Upregulated miRNAs, including miRNA-217, miRNA-182, let-7b, miRNA-21, and miRNA-34a, promote inflammation through NF-\u03baB activation, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, cytokine production, and ductular reactions. Conversely, downregulated miRNAs such as miRNA-148a, miRNA-30e, and miRNA-483-3p are associated with impaired hepatocyte differentiation, dysregulated oxidative stress responses, and enhanced Mallory\u2013Denk body formation. Considering that miRNAs are pivotal regulators of AH pathophysiology including immune activation, hepatocyte death, fibrosis, and metabolic dysregulation, their altered expression patterns not only illuminate key pathogenic pathways but also provide promising avenues for biomarker discovery and therapeutic targeting. This review aims to summarize the current literature regarding the miRNA profiles involved in alcohol-related hepatitis, their individual mechanistic roles in pathogenesis of AH, and their potential for biomarkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47121048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T15:15:08Z","timestamp":1765811708000},"page":"1048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["miRNAs and Alcohol-Related Hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Dinuka","family":"Bandara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara Ashraf Boshra Shaker","family":"Romany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikash","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aalam","family":"Sohal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohanad","family":"Al-Qaisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilofar","family":"Najafian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002572","article-title":"ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease","volume":"119","author":"Jophlin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. 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