{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:20:04Z","timestamp":1790202004499,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>B cells are key drivers of immune dysregulation across systemic autoimmune diseases. Among their progeny, plasmablasts occupy a uniquely revealing niche: short-lived, highly proliferative intermediates that mirror real-time B-cell activation. Their appearance in peripheral blood integrates antigenic stimulation, cytokine-driven differentiation, and aberrant germinal-center dynamics, transforming them into sensitive indicators of ongoing immunological activity. This review synthesizes current knowledge on plasmablast biology and highlights disease-specific phenotypes across systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sj\u00f6gren disease (pSjD), IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We incorporate molecular insights from single-cell technologies that have uncovered previously unrecognized plasmablast subsets, metabolic states, and interferon-related signatures with prognostic and mechanistic value. Beyond descriptive immunology, plasmablasts are emerging as dynamic biomarkers capable of informing real-time clinical decisions. One of the most robustly supported applications is the prognostic interpretation of plasmablast kinetics following B-cell-depleting therapies, where early reconstitution patterns consistently predict relapse across multiple autoimmune conditions. As clinical immunology shifts from static serological markers toward kinetic, cell-based monitoring, plasmablast quantification offers a path toward precision immune surveillance. Integrating plasmablast dynamics into routine care may ultimately allow clinicians to anticipate disease flares, time therapeutic reinforcements, and transition from reactive management to preventive intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb48010077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T14:57:25Z","timestamp":1768229845000},"page":"77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Plasmablasts as Translational Biomarkers in Autoimmune Diseases: From Cellular Dynamics to Clinical Decision-Making"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9051-1810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Soyfoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, H\u00f4pital Erasme, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6833-0044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Sarrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, H\u00f4pital Erasme, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3795","article-title":"The generation of antibody-secreting plasma cells","volume":"15","author":"Nutt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. 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