{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T02:20:33Z","timestamp":1768530033531,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) through a grant from the Korean government","award":["RS-2023-00249641"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00249641"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Recent studies have reported the effectiveness of cold plasma technology in treating skin inflammation and wounds. We investigated the effect of an air-based no-ozone cold plasma device (Air NCP) on the inflammatory response in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Methods: The cytotoxicity of Air NCP was assessed using the sulforhodamine B assay, and its ozone concentration and operating temperature were measured to evaluate safety. To determine its anti-inflammatory effect, inflammation was induced with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), and changes in inflammation-related gene expression were analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), an indicator of inflammation, was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Air NCP showed no cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells. Moreover, the expression of TNF-\u03b1, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1\u03b2 significantly decreased following treatment (p &lt; 0.001). The levels of phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 were also reduced (p &lt; 0.001). Western blot analysis further confirmed that inflammation-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase factors were reduced by Air NCP, while cyclooxygenase-2 and PGE2 levels similarly decreased. Conclusions: These results indicate that Air NCP treatment suppresses the expression of inflammatory mediators in skin inflammation, demonstrating a clear anti-inflammatory effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb48010084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T08:26:36Z","timestamp":1768465596000},"page":"84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inhibition of Inflammation by an Air-Based No-Ozone Cold Plasma in TNF-\u03b1-Induced Human Keratinocytes: An In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Byul-Bora","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Corporate Affiliated Research Institute, Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50561, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung-Ah","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corporate Affiliated Research Institute, Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50561, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Hae","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corporate Affiliated Research Institute, Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50561, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min-Kyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoon Deok","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miul Dermatologic Clinic, 26, Centum dong-ro, Haeundae-gu, Busan 48059, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0721-344X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hae Woong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louis Dermatologic Clinic, 72, Jangja-daero, Guri-si 11948, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gyoo-Cheon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2021_477","article-title":"Cutaneous barriers and skin immunity","volume":"268","author":"Koberle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Handb. 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