{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:05:09Z","timestamp":1790816709809,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":186,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Despite extensive preclinical research, most neuroprotective strategies have failed to translate into clinical benefit, partly due to methodological variability. The transient intraluminal filament middle cerebral artery occlusion (tifMCAO) model is widely used, yet its implementation lacks consistency. This review aimed to characterize tifMCAO methodologies in adult rats and examine how experimental variability relates to reported outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Studies using tifMCAO in adult rats were included. MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to March 2025. Risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE tool and reporting quality using the ARRIVE checklist. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251140869). Results were synthesized narratively. Results: A total of 125 studies were included. A commonly used framework involved male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats (6\u201312 weeks), silicone-coated monofilaments, occlusion durations of 60\u2013120 min (most frequently 90 min), and isoflurane anesthesia, although this reflects methodological convergence rather than true standardization. Substantial variability was observed across methodological parameters. Variations in ischemia duration, filament properties, and anesthesia were associated with differences in infarct size, blood\u2013brain barrier disruption, and functional outcomes. Conclusions: The tifMCAO model shows partial methodological convergence alongside significant variability influencing outcomes. Improved standardization and reporting are essential to enhance reproducibility and translational relevance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb48060632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T08:22:56Z","timestamp":1781684576000},"page":"632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats as a Nonclinical Model of Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0013-3140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"H&TRC-Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Sa\u00fade, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H&TRC-Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Sa\u00fade, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H&TRC-Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Sa\u00fade, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3204-3772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Stroke and Its Risk Factors, 1990-2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"20","author":"Feigin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987321989865","article-title":"European Stroke Organisation (ESO) Guidelines on Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischaemic Stroke","volume":"6","author":"Berge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Stroke J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-018589","article-title":"European Stroke Organisation (ESO)-European Society for Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy (ESMINT) Expedited Recommendation on Indication for Intravenous Thrombolysis before Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and anterior circulation large vessel occlusion","volume":"14","author":"Turc","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurointerv. Surg."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2012.00770.x","article-title":"Neuroprotection for Ischaemic Stroke: Translation from the Bench to the Bedside","volume":"7","author":"Sutherland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X231206236","article-title":"Effect and Mechanisms of Resveratrol in Animal Models of Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis","volume":"43","author":"Burguete","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.66","article-title":"Different Strokes for Different Folks: The Rich Diversity of Animal Models of Focal Cerebral Ischemia","volume":"30","author":"Howells","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.8.1","article-title":"Experimental Studies of Ischemic Brain Edema. A New Experimental Model of Cerebral Embolism in Rats in Which Recirculation Can Be Introduced in the Ischemic Area","volume":"8","author":"Koizumi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Stroke"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.84","article-title":"Reversible Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion without Craniectomy in Rats","volume":"20","author":"Longa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"3445","article-title":"Animal Models of Ischemic Stroke and Their Application in Clinical Research","volume":"9","author":"Fluri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"196","article-title":"Ideal Suture Diameter Is Critical for Consistent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice","volume":"56","author":"Vemuganti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.1997.11740834","article-title":"Endovascular Suture Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in Rats: Effect of Suture Insertion Distance on Cerebral Blood Flow, Infarct Distribution and Infarct Volume","volume":"19","author":"Zarow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 Statement: An Updated Guideline for Reporting Systematic Reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan-a Web and Mobile App for Systematic Reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hooijmans, C.R., Rovers, M.M., De Vries, R.B.M., Leenaars, M., Ritskes-Hoitinga, M., and Langendam, M.W. (2014). SYRCLE\u2019s Risk of Bias Tool for Animal Studies. BMC Med. Res. Methodol., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1411","article-title":"Risk-of-Bias VISualization (Robvis): An R Package and Shiny Web App for Visualizing Risk-of-Bias Assessments","volume":"12","author":"McGuinness","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Synth. Methods"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20943823","article-title":"The ARRIVE Guidelines 2.0: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Animal Research","volume":"40","author":"Hurst","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l6890","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6890","article-title":"Synthesis without Meta-Analysis (SWiM) in Systematic Reviews: Reporting Guideline","volume":"368","author":"Campbell","year":"2020","journal-title":"The BMJ"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-018-0378-0","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effect of Ethanol and Modafinil on Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats","volume":"34","author":"Abbasi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alam, J.J., Krakovsky, M., Germann, U., and Levy, A. (2020). Continuous Administration of a P38\u03b1 Inhibitor during the Subacute Phase after Transient Ischemia-Induced Stroke in the Rat Promotes Dose-Dependent Functional Recovery Accompanied by Increase in Brain BDNF Protein Level. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.29.068015"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12100","article-title":"Panax Quinquefolium Saponins Attenuates Microglia Activation Following Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Nrf2\/MiR-103-3p\/TANK Pathway","volume":"48","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.09.016","article-title":"Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-1 Treatment Stabilizes the Microvascular Cytoskeleton under Ischemic Conditions","volume":"311","author":"Bake","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biose, I.J., Chastain, W.H., Wang, H., Ouvrier, B., and Bix, G.J. (2022). Optimizing Intraluminal Monofilament Model of Ischemic Stroke in Middle-Aged Sprague\u2013Dawley Rats. BMC Neurosci., 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-022-00764-2"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.11.003","article-title":"MEK\/ERK\/1\/2 Sensitive Vascular Changes Coincide with Retinal Functional Deficit, Following Transient Ophthalmic Artery Occlusion","volume":"179","author":"Blixt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Candamo-Lourido, M., Dopico-L\u00f3pez, A., L\u00f3pez-Arias, E., L\u00f3pez-Amoedo, S., Correa-Paz, C., Chantada-V\u00e1zquez, M.P., Bugallo-Casal, A., del Pozo-Fil\u00edu, L., P\u00e9rez-Gayol, L., and Palomar-Alonso, N. (2024). Comparative Brain Proteomic Analysis between Sham and Cerebral Ischemia Experimental Groups. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25147538"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2018.1424696","article-title":"Remote Ischemic Postconditioning Protects the Brain from Focal Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Autophagy through the MTOR\/P70S6K Pathway","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.108000","article-title":"Activating PKA Signaling Increases Exosome Production and Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Cx43 Expression","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.11.010","article-title":"Achyranthes Bidentata Polypeptide k Improves Long-Term Neurological Outcomes through Reducing Downstream Microvascular Thrombosis in Experimental Ischemic Stroke","volume":"1706","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-024-06186-w","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Neuroprotective Activity of Tryptanthrin and Its Oxime in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats","volume":"177","author":"Chernysheva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bull. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.019664","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effects of MAGL (Monoacylglycerol Lipase) Inhibitors in Experimental Ischemic Stroke","volume":"49","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15356","article-title":"Impact of Acute and Chronic Hypertension on Changes in Pial Collateral Tone in Vivo during Transient Ischemia","volume":"76","author":"Cipolla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.025","article-title":"ling Repetitive Xenon Treatment Improves Post-Stroke Sensorimotor and Neuropsychiatric Dysfunction","volume":"301","author":"Dandekar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dergunova, L.V., Filippenkov, I.B., Stavchansky, V.V., Denisova, A.E., Yuzhakov, V.V., Mozerov, S.A., Gubsky, L.V., and Limborska, S.A. (2018). Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis Using RNA-Seq Reveals a Large Number of Differentially Expressed Genes in a Transient MCAO Rat Model. BMC Genom., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-5039-5"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e007804","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007804","article-title":"Downstream Microvascular Thrombosis in Cortical Venules Is an Early Response to Proximal Cerebral Arterial Occlusion","volume":"7","author":"Desilles","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15852","article-title":"Head down Tilt 15\u00b0 to Preserve Salvageable Brain Tissue in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pre-Clinical Pooled Analysis, with Focus on Cerebral Hemodynamics","volume":"57","author":"Diamanti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104562","article-title":"The Effect of Cyclosporine and the Consequences in Hepatic and Renal Function Following Ischemic Stroke in a Rats\u2019 Model","volume":"29","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2020.10.004","article-title":"Inhibition of Endogenous Blood Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase Enhances the Ischemic Damage","volume":"230","author":"Rabinkov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.026523","article-title":"New Endovascular Approach for Hypothermia With Intrajugular Cooling and Neuroprotective Effect in Ischemic Stroke","volume":"51","author":"Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4700","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08713-z","article-title":"Neurofunctional and Neuroimaging Readouts for Designing a Preclinical Stem-Cell Therapy Trial in Experimental Stroke","volume":"12","author":"Dumot","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00446.2018","article-title":"Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Stimulation with Compound 21 Improves Neurological Function after Stroke in Female Rats: A Pilot Study","volume":"316","author":"Eldahshan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferreira, L.O., Mattos, B.G., J\u00f3ia de Mello, V., Martins-Filho, A.J., da Costa, E.T., Yamada, E.S., Hamoy, M., and Lopes, D.C.F. (2021). Increased Relative Delta Bandpower and Delta Indices Revealed by Continuous QEEG Monitoring in a Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion. Front. Neurol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.645138"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E788","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.034910","article-title":"Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Vascular Inflammation after Recanalization in a Rat Ischemic Stroke Model","volume":"52","author":"Franx","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4366","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-024-10936-w","article-title":"Glycyrrhizic Acid Inhibits Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis by Activating the PI3K\/ AKT Signaling Pathway","volume":"63","author":"Fu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochem. Genet."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-020-01004-z","article-title":"Targeting Caveolin-1 and Claudin-5 with AY9944, Improve Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Permeability; Computational Simulation and Experimental Study","volume":"42","author":"Gholami","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.8b01024","article-title":"In Vivo Evaluation of Engineered Self-Assembling Silk Fibroin Hydrogels after Intracerebral Injection in a Rat Stroke Model","volume":"5","author":"Gorenkova","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-017-0590-y","article-title":"MRI Guiding of the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats Aimed to Improve Stroke Modeling","volume":"9","author":"Gubskiy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prmcm.2024.100485","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima on Cerebral Ischemia\u2013Reperfusion Injury in Rats","volume":"12","author":"Hamadjida","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res.-Mod. Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110697","article-title":"Tomentosin Inhibit Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Induced Inflammatory Response via TLR4\/ NLRP3 Signalling Pathway\u2014in Vivo and in Vitro Studies","volume":"131","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2022.109630","article-title":"Evaluating Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Infarction Volume Concurrently in Rats Subjected to Ischemic Stroke Using an Optical Imaging System","volume":"378","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115684","article-title":"Investigation of Naoluoxintong on the Neural Stem Cells by Facilitating Proliferation and Differentiation in Vitro and on Protecting Neurons by Up-Regulating the Expression of Nestin in MCAO Rats","volume":"299","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2024.2381381","article-title":"Viscolin-Mediated Antiapoptotic and Neuroprotective Effects in Cortical Neurons Exposed to Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Rats Subjected to Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia","volume":"46","author":"Hsu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8026","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-024-04965-9","article-title":"Ameliorative Effect of Natural Sesquiterpene Alcohol Cedrol Against Cerebral Ischemia Infarction\u2014In Vitro and In Vivo Studies","volume":"196","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2017.1411454","article-title":"Neuroanatomical and Electrophysiological Recovery in the Contralateral Intact Cortex Following Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats","volume":"40","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"2252","article-title":"Magnolol Protects against Ischemic-Reperfusion Brain Damage Following Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia","volume":"41","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.135954","article-title":"BRCC3 Promotes Activation of the NLRP6 Inflammasome Following Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion (I\/R) Injury in Rats","volume":"756","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ingberg, E., Dock, H., Theodorsson, E., Theodorsson, A., and Str\u00f6m, J.O. (2018). Effect of Laser Doppler Flowmetry and Occlusion Time on Outcome Variability and Mortality in Rat Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: Inconclusive Results. BMC Neurosci., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-018-0425-0"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2021.12.009","article-title":"Upregulation of MiR-489-3p Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury by Targeting Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC2)","volume":"484","author":"Jia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, W., and Hao, K. (2020). Protective Action of Betulinic Acid on Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury through Inflammation and Energy Metabolic Homeostasis. Appl. Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/app10072578"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, R., Wang, M., Zhong, W., Kissinger, C.R., Villafranca, J.E., and Li, G. (2022). J147 Reduces TPA-Induced Brain Hemorrhage in Acute Experimental Stroke in Rats. Front. Neurol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.821082"},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"e66635","article-title":"A Rat Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion\/ Reperfusion without Damaging the Anatomical Structure of Cerebral Vessels","volume":"2024","author":"Jiren","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2022.01.001","article-title":"Antioxidant and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Cannabidiol in Model of Ischemic Stroke in Rats","volume":"180","author":"Khaksar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2023.2300732","article-title":"Expression of Na+\/Ca2+ Exchangers Was Enhanced Following Pre-Treatment of Olive Leaf Extract and Olive Oil in Animal Model of Ischemic Stroke","volume":"135","author":"Khaksar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5814","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.28252","article-title":"A Heparan Sulfate-Based Matrix Therapy Reduces Brain Damage and Enhances Functional Recovery Following Stroke","volume":"8","author":"Khelif","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.935432","article-title":"Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in a Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Model in Rats; A Pilot Study","volume":"73","author":"Kozler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.020626","article-title":"Different Effects of Normobaric Oxygen in Normotensive Versus Hypertensive Rats After Focal Cerebral Ischemia","volume":"49","author":"Lan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2019.146405","article-title":"Role of Reactive Oxygen Species at Reperfusion Stage in Isoflurane Preconditioning-Induced Neuroprotection","volume":"1723","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2018.12.038","article-title":"Early Wheel-Running Promotes Functional Recovery by Improving Mitochondria Metabolism in Olfactory Ensheathing Cells after Ischemic Stroke in Rats","volume":"361","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"1670","article-title":"Protective Effect of Dandeng Tongnao Capsule (DDTN) on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Rats (Chinese)","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin. Pharm. J."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2017.11.016","article-title":"Use of 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride-Stained Brain Tissues for Immunofluorescence Analyses after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats","volume":"214","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-020-00341-x","article-title":"Protective Mechanism of Rhubarb Anthraquinone Glycosides in Rats with Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury: Interactions between Medicine and Intestinal Flora","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dmm044651","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.044651","article-title":"Predicting Experimental Success: A Retrospective Case-Control Study Using the Rat Intraluminal Thread Model of Stroke","volume":"13","author":"Liebenstund","year":"2021","journal-title":"DMM Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2024.114726","article-title":"BMSC-Exosomes Attenuate ALP Dysfunction by Restoring Lysosomal Function via the MTOR\/TFEB Axis to Reduce Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","volume":"376","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1136\/acupmed-2017-011417","article-title":"Temporal Effect of Acupuncture on Amino Acid Neurotransmitters in Rats with Acute Cerebral Ischaemia","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acupunct. Med."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2271","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2271","article-title":"QKI 6 Ameliorates CIRI through Promoting Synthesis of Triglyceride in Neuron and Inhibiting Neuronal Apoptosis Associated with SIRT1-PPAR\u03b3-PGC-1\u03b1 Axis","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113700","article-title":"Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury-Induced Neuroinflammation and Pyroptosis by Modulating Microglia M1\/M2 Phenotypes","volume":"341","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4270","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612827666210827104316","article-title":"Upregulated Long Non-Coding RNA ALMS1-IT1 Promotes Neuroinflammation by Activating NF-\u039aB Signaling in Ischemic Cerebral Injury","volume":"27","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2018.02.011","article-title":"Growth Differentiation Factor 11 Improves Neurobehavioral Recovery and Stimulates Angiogenesis in Rats Subjected to Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion","volume":"139","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E693","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003809","article-title":"Argon Inhalation for 24 Hours After Onset of Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats Provides Neuroprotection and Improves Neurologic Outcome","volume":"47","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2022.113432","article-title":"A Deuterohemin Peptide Protects Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Preventing Oxidative Stress in Vitro and in Vivo","volume":"422","author":"Meng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"1","article-title":"Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Protects against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in an Experimental Model of Stroke","volume":"1682","author":"Modi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2020.1786637","article-title":"Late Changes in Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Permeability in a Rat TMCAO Model of Stroke Detected by Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI","volume":"42","author":"Morgan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0538-5","article-title":"Pinin Protects Astrocytes from Cell Death after Acute Ischemic Stroke via Maintenance of Mitochondrial Anti-Apoptotic and Bioenergetics Functions","volume":"26","author":"Mukda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113245","article-title":"N,N-Dimethyltryptamine Reduces Infarct Size and Improves Functional Recovery Following Transient Focal Brain Ischemia in Rats","volume":"327","author":"Nardai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-020-05913-9","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Modafinil (Gold Nanoparticles) Significantly Improves Neurological Deficits in Rats after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion","volume":"238","author":"Nazarian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025249","article-title":"Eye Opener in Stroke: Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Stem Cell Repair in Retinal Ischemia","volume":"50","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onufriev, M.V., Moiseeva, Y.V., Zhanina, M.Y., Lazareva, N.A., and Gulyaeva, N.V. (2021). A Comparative Study of Koizumi and Longa Methods of Intraluminal Filament Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats: Early Corticosterone and Inflammatory Response in the Hippocampus and Frontal Cortex. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222413544"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onufriev, M.V., Stepanichev, M.Y., Moiseeva, Y.V., Zhanina, M.Y., Nedogreeva, O.A., Kostryukov, P.A., Lazareva, N.A., and Gulyaeva, N.V. (2022). A Comparative Study of Two Models of Intraluminal Filament Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats: Long-Lasting Accumulation of Corticosterone and Interleukins in the Hippocampus and Frontal Cortex in Koizumi Model. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10123119"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.11.024","article-title":"Blood Glutamate EAAT2-Cell Grabbing Therapy in Cerebral Ischemia","volume":"39","author":"Argibay","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.17116\/jnevro202012003229","article-title":"The Use of Lithium Ascorbate as a Neuroprotective Agent in a Model of Ischemic Stroke (Russian)","volume":"120","author":"Plotnikov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiatr. Im. S. S. Korsakova"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202200050","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202200050","article-title":"Real-Time Fiber-Optic Recording of Acute-Ischemic-Stroke Signatures","volume":"15","author":"Pochechuev","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.11.014","article-title":"Trigonelline Therapy Confers Neuroprotection by Reduced Glutathione Mediated Myeloperoxidase Expression in Animal Model of Ischemic Stroke","volume":"216","author":"Pravalika","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1087-8","article-title":"JM-20 Treatment After MCAO Reduced Astrocyte Reactivity and Neuronal Death on Peri-Infarct Regions of the Rat Brain","volume":"56","author":"Pires","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174025","article-title":"Novel Arylidene Malonate Derivative, KM-34, Showed Neuroprotective Effects on in Vitro and in Vivo Models of Ischemia\/Reperfusion","volume":"899","author":"Salbego","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.2174\/1871524922666220607093400","article-title":"Phyllanthus Emblica L. Regulates BDNF\/PI3K Pathway to Modulate Glutathione for Mitoprotection and Neuroprotection in a Rodent Model of Ischemic Stroke","volume":"22","author":"Sarmah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cent. Nerv. Syst. Agents Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3897\/rrpharmacology.6.59857","article-title":"Metal-Containing Taurine Compounds Protect Rat\u2019s Brain in Reperfusion-Induced Injury","volume":"6","author":"Semeleva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res. Results Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2022.2103718","article-title":"Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Multitarget Mechanisms of Zhishi Rhubarb Soup on Acute Cerebral Infarction","volume":"60","author":"Shao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shen, D., Wang, H., Zhu, H., Jiang, C., Xie, F., Zhang, H., Lv, Q., Liu, Q., Wang, Z., and Qi, N. (2023). Pre-Clinical Efficacy Evaluation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke. Front. Immunol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1095469"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2021.105103","article-title":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Core Derivatives as Potential Neuroprotectants against Acute Ischemic Stroke","volume":"148","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18785567","article-title":"Brain Ischemic Insult Induces Cofilin Rod Formation Leading to Synaptic Dysfunction in Neurons","volume":"39","author":"Shu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04866-x","article-title":"Energy Restriction Induced SIRT6 Inhibits Microglia Activation and Promotes Angiogenesis in Cerebral Ischemia via Transcriptional Inhibition of TXNIP","volume":"13","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114181","article-title":"Targeting Organic Cation Transporters at the Blood-Brain Barrier to Treat Ischemic Stroke in Rats","volume":"357","author":"Stanton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2024.115076","article-title":"Mechanisms of Polygalasaponin F against Brain Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Targeting NKCC1","volume":"385","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-021-02645-9","article-title":"MiR-10b-3p Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury by Targeting Kr\u00fcppel-like Factor 5 (KLF5)","volume":"474","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pflug. Arch."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148636","article-title":"The Novel FAAH Inhibitor, MCH1, Reduces the Infarction Area in the Motor Cortex-Related Region but Does Not Affect the Sensorimotor Function or Memory and Spatial Learning in Rats Exposed to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion","volume":"1822","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2021.1965427","article-title":"Short-Term Lithium Treatment Protects the Brain against Ischemia\u2013Reperfusion Injury by Enhancing the Neuroplasticity of Cortical Neurons","volume":"44","author":"Tai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanioka, M., Park, W.K., Park, J., Lee, J.E., and Lee, B.H. (2020). Lipid Emulsion Improves Functional Recovery in an Animal Model of Stroke. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197373"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.18413\/rrpharmacology.10.508","article-title":"Ascorbic Acid-Containing Compound Efficacy in Ischemic Brain Damage","volume":"10","author":"Termulaeva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res. Results Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e013583","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013583","article-title":"Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Recovery Following Stroke via Regulation of Inflammation and Oligodendrogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Tobin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tukhovskaya, E.A., Ismailova, A.M., Shaykhutdinova, E.R., Slashcheva, G.A., Prudchenko, I.A., Mikhaleva, I.I., Khokhlova, O.N., Murashev, A.N., and Ivanov, V.T. (2021). Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide Recovers Motor Function in Sd Rats after Focal Stroke. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26175173"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173685","article-title":"LL-00066471, a Novel Positive Allosteric Modulator of A7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Ameliorates Cognitive and Sensorimotor Gating Deficits in Animal Models: Discovery and Preclinical Characterization","volume":"891","author":"Verma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.04.002","article-title":"Uric Acid Treatment after Stroke Modulates the Kr\u00fcppel-like Factor 2-VEGF-A Axis to Protect Brain Endothelial Cell Functions: Impact of Hypertension","volume":"164","author":"Vila","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1113\/JP285806","article-title":"Cathodal Bilateral Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation Regulates Selenium to Confer Neuroprotection after Rat Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury","volume":"602","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2019.146391","article-title":"Neuroprotection by Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Adenylyltransferase 1 with Involvement of Autophagy in an Aged Rat Model of Transient Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion","volume":"1723","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1159\/000491661","article-title":"The Role of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in the Pathomechanism of Acute Ischemic Stroke","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7045","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-03020-0","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effects of a Cardioplegic Combination (Adenosine, Lidocaine, and Magnesium) in an Ischemic Stroke Model","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, X., Zhu, Q., Liu, N., Xu, L., Wei, S., Fan, Z., Sun, C., Zhao, Y., Qiao, M., and Wu, J. (2019). Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Zhenlong Xingnao Capsule in in Vivo and in Vitro Models of Hypoxia. Front. Pharmacol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01096"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3099","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.9b00220","article-title":"Proteomic Analysis of Rat Cerebral Cortex in the Subacute to Long-Term Phases of Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","volume":"18","author":"Wen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2022.105460","article-title":"Near Infrared Spectroscopy Detection of Hemispheric Cerebral Ischemia Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats","volume":"162","author":"Wong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C.W., Chen, J.J., Lin, C.C.K., Chen, C.A., Wu, C.I., Hwang, I.S., Hsieh, T.H., Lin, B.S., and Peng, C.W. (2022). Hemodynamics and Tissue Optical Properties in Bimodal Infarctions Induced by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810318"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006636","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1006636","article-title":"Mitochondrial Transplantation Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Component Separation","volume":"2021","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2021.166230","article-title":"Orexin-A Alleviates Astrocytic Apoptosis and Inflammation via Inhibiting OX1R-Mediated NF-\u039aB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury","volume":"1867","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, H., Hua, Y., Zhong, J., Li, X., Xu, W., Cai, Y., Mao, Y., and Lu, X. (2018). Resveratrol Delivery by Albumin Nanoparticles Improved Neurological Function and Neuronal Damage in Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats. Front. Pharmacol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01403"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.07.011","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effect of Cajaninstilbene Acid against Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Damages by Activating AMPK\/Nrf2 Pathway","volume":"34","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9492","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.64320","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Minocycline and KML29, a Potent Inhibitor of Monoacylglycerol Lipase, in an Experimental Stroke Model: A Small-Animal Positron Emission Tomography Study","volume":"11","author":"Yamasaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00942","article-title":"Intravenous Administration of Scutellarin Nanoparticles Augments the Protective Effect against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.5607\/en.2018.27.4.287","article-title":"Spatiotemporal Protein Atlas of Cell Death-Related Molecules in the Rat MCAO Stroke Model","volume":"27","author":"Yoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_126","first-page":"452","article-title":"Propofol Attenuates Inflammatory Damage on Neurons Following Cerebral Infarction by Inhibiting Excessive Activation of Microglia","volume":"43","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.244790","article-title":"Effect of Sevoflurane Preconditioning on Astrocytic Dynamics and Neural Network Formation after Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats","volume":"14","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3892\/wasj.2024.230","article-title":"7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Functions as an Antioxidant through the Inhibition of Kelch-like ECH-associated Protein 1: Molecular Docking and an in Vivo Approach in a Rat Model of Ischemia-reperfusion Brain Injury","volume":"6","author":"Yueniwati","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Acad. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01166","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1166","article-title":"Left-Right Asymmetry Influenced the Infarct Volume and Neurological Dysfunction Following Focal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats","volume":"8","author":"Zhai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115724","article-title":"Danhong Injection Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Autophagy through MiRNA-132-3p\/ATG12 Signal Axis","volume":"300","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117209","article-title":"AD16 Attenuates Neuroinflammation Induced by Cerebral Ischemia through Down-Regulating Astrocytes A1 Polarization","volume":"178","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.133336","article-title":"Gelatin Methacryloyl Microneedle Loaded with 3D-MSC-Exosomes for the Protection of Ischemia-Reperfusion","volume":"275","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2021.1981106","article-title":"The Shh\/Gli1 Signaling Pathway Regulates Regeneration via Transcription Factor Olig1 Expression after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2019.2230","article-title":"Improved Neuroprotective Effects of Gallic Acid-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles against Ischemic Stroke","volume":"23","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12917","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2021.2012551","article-title":"Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 2 (ZEB2)-Induced Astrogliosis Protected Neuron from Pyroptosis in Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-024-3910-6","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effect and Mechanism of Tanreqing Injection on Ischemic Stroke: Insights from Network Pharmacology and in Vivo Experiments","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-021-00888-3","article-title":"The Key Regulator of Necroptosis, RIP1 Kinase, Contributes to the Formation of Astrogliosis and Glial Scar in Ischemic Stroke","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.04.001","article-title":"Salidroside Improves Brain Ischemic Injury by Activating PI3K\/Akt Pathway and Reduces Complications Induced by Delayed TPA Treatment","volume":"830","author":"Zuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2024.06.003","article-title":"Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Salvaged Penumbra: Longitudinal High-Tesla Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Rat Model","volume":"112","author":"Kuo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2018.12.022","article-title":"Does the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value Predict Permanent Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury in Rats?","volume":"26","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acad. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_141","first-page":"1683","article-title":"Comparison of Cerebral Microcirculation Perfusion in Rat Models of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Prepared through Common Carotid Artery Insertion and External Carotid Artery Insertion (Chinese)","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Tissue Eng. Res."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17897","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52872-5","article-title":"Cerebral Ischemia Induces TRPC6 via HIF1\u03b1\/ZEB2 Axis in the Glomerular Podocytes and Contributes to Proteinuria","volume":"9","author":"Nakuluri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.541128","article-title":"Update of the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable Preclinical Recommendations","volume":"40","author":"Fisher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600298","article-title":"Bench to Bedside: The Quest for Quality in Experimental Stroke Research","volume":"26","author":"Dirnagl","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sena, E.S., Bart van der Worp, H., Bath, P.M.W., Howells, D.W., and Macleod, M.R. (2010). Publication Bias in Reports of Animal Stroke Studies Leads to Major Overstatement of Efficacy. PLoS Biol., 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000344"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.12.2087","article-title":"Anatomic Variation of the Middle Cerebral Artery in the Sprague-Dawley Rat","volume":"24","author":"Fox","year":"1993","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1258\/002367706775404426","article-title":"Experimental Stroke: Ischaemic Lesion Volume and Oedema Formation Differ among Rat Strains (a Comparison between Wistar and Sprague-Dawley Rats Using MRI)","volume":"40","author":"Walberer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lab. Anim."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)01045-W","article-title":"Infarct Volume Varies with Rat Strain and Vendor in Focal Cerebral Ischemia Induced by Transcranial Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion","volume":"699","author":"Oliff","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Estarreja, J., Caldeira, G., Silva, I., Mendes, P., and Mateus, V. (2024). The Pharmacological Effect of Hemin in Inflammatory-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12040898"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H290","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2000.278.1.H290","article-title":"Estrogen Status Affects Sensitivity to Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats","volume":"278","author":"Carswell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_151","first-page":"627","article-title":"Neurological Deficit and Extent of Neuronal Necrosis Attributable to Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats","volume":"26","author":"Garcia","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stat. Validation. Stroke"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-016-0491-5","article-title":"Anesthesia in Experimental Stroke Research","volume":"7","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van der Worp, H.B., Howells, D.W., Sena, E.S., Porritt, M.J., Rewell, S., O\u2019Collins, V., and Macleod, M.R. (2010). Can Animal Models of Disease Reliably Inform Human Studies?. PLoS Med., 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000245"},{"key":"ref_154","first-page":"464701","article-title":"Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model in Rodents: Methods and Potential Pitfalls","volume":"2011","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.6","article-title":"Focal Cerebral Ischaemia in the Rat: 1. Description of Technique and Early Neuropathological Consequences Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion","volume":"1","author":"Tamura","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01398.x","article-title":"Preclinical Stroke Research--Advantages and Disadvantages of the Most Common Rodent Models of Focal Ischaemia","volume":"164","author":"Macrae","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3439-c1","article-title":"Believe It or Not: How Much Can We Rely on Published Data on Potential Drug Targets?","volume":"10","author":"Prinz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.038047","article-title":"The Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network: Rationale, Design, Feasibility, and Stage 1 Results","volume":"53","author":"Lyden","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, C.A., Sembill, J.A., Kallm\u00fcnzer, B., Bailer, M., Singer, L., Engelhorn, T., D\u00f6rfler, A., Schwab, S., Balk, S., and Spr\u00fcgel, M.I. (2025). Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Dysfunction, Edema Formation and Functional Recovery in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Retrospective Study. Neurol. Int., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/neurolint17110177"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.7.871","article-title":"Measurements of Acute Cerebral Infarction: Lesion Size by Computed Tomography","volume":"20","author":"Brott","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.51","article-title":"International, Multicenter Randomized Preclinical Trials in Translational Stroke Research: It\u2019s Time to Act","volume":"32","author":"Dirnagl","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200204000-00010","article-title":"Neuroprotection by a Bile Acid in an Acute Stroke Model in the Rat","volume":"22","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.07.123","article-title":"Use of TTC Staining for the Evaluation of Tissue Injury in the Early Phases of Reperfusion after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats","volume":"1116","author":"Benedek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01528-0","article-title":"Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Mouse by Intraluminal Suture Coated with Poly-L-Lysine: Neurological and Histological Validation","volume":"833","author":"Belayev","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2004.04.029","article-title":"Infarct Volume Quantification in Mouse Focal Cerebral Ischemia: A Comparison of Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride and Cresyl Violet Staining Techniques","volume":"139","author":"Vemuganti","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.191219","article-title":"Erythropoietin Reduces Apoptosis of Brain Tissue Cells in Rats after Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury: A Characteristic Analysis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S474143","article-title":"Non-Contrast MRI Sequences for Ischemic Stroke: A Concise Overview for Clinical Radiologists","volume":"20","author":"Bachtiar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vasc. Health Risk Manag."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.8.4.512","article-title":"Report of Joint Committee for Stroke Resources. IV. Brain Edema in Stroke","volume":"8","author":"Katzman","year":"1977","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1994.88","article-title":"Infarct Measurement Methodology","volume":"14","author":"Swanson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3407","article-title":"Development, Maintenance and Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier","volume":"19","author":"Obermeier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.11.133","article-title":"Cerebral Ischemia Enhances Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Occludin in Brain Capillaries","volume":"339","author":"Kago","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.10.008","article-title":"Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 as a Marker for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review","volume":"20","author":"Bellolio","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.10.001","article-title":"Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Recovery after Ischemic Stroke","volume":"163\u2013164","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2011.197","article-title":"Neurological Diseases in Relation to the Blood-Brain Barrier","volume":"32","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.608257","article-title":"Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Acute and Chronic Cerebrovascular Disease","volume":"42","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00114-9","article-title":"Neuroprotection in Acute Stroke: Targeting Excitotoxicity, Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress, and Inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Chamorro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2902","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.511261","article-title":"Blood Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review","volume":"39","author":"Whiteley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000242290.01174.9e","article-title":"Association of Serial Biochemical Markers with Acute Ischemic Stroke: The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Stroke Study","volume":"37","author":"Jauch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.185","article-title":"Assessing Post-Stroke Behavior in Mouse Models of Focal Ischemia","volume":"33","author":"Balkaya","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hest.2020.09.001","article-title":"Behavioral Tests in Rodent Models of Stroke","volume":"1","author":"Ruan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Hemorrhages"},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000237236.88823.47","article-title":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network Vascular Cognitive Impairment Harmonization Standards","volume":"37","author":"Hachinski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21086","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21086","article-title":"Method Parameters\u2019 Impact on Mortality and Variability in Mouse Stroke Experiments: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"6","author":"Ingberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lourbopoulos, A., Mourouzis, I., Xinaris, C., Zerva, N., Filippakis, K., Pavlopoulos, A., and Pantos, C. (2021). Translational Block in Stroke: A Constructive and \u201cOut-of-the-Box\u201d Reappraisal. Front. Neurosci., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.652403"},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.000734","article-title":"A Concerted Appeal for International Cooperation in Preclinical Stroke Research","volume":"44","author":"Dirnagl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.125.052056","article-title":"Preclinical Ischemic Stroke Multicenter Trials (PRISM) Collective Statement: Opportunities, Challenges, and Recommendations for a New Era","volume":"57","author":"Ayata","year":"2026","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_186","unstructured":"European Commission (2026, January 12). Multicentre Preclinical Animal Research Team (Multi-PART): Final Report Summary\u2014MULTI-PART. CORDIS EU Research Results, Available online: https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/603043\/reporting."}],"container-title":["Current Issues in Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/48\/6\/632\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T10:08:23Z","timestamp":1781690903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/48\/6\/632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"references-count":186,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["cimb48060632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cimb48060632","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-3045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-3045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]}}}