{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:47:12Z","timestamp":1785422832604,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Silesia","award":["NWD\/2465\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NWD\/2465\/2024"]}]},{"award":["NWD\/2465\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NWD\/2465\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/005k7hp45","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ovarian cancer, particularly high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies due to late diagnosis and the development of chemoresistance. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in disease progression, with chemokines influencing cell recruitment, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune modification. This review synthesizes current evidence on key chemokine axes in ovarian cancer, highlighting their dual roles as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The most important axes include CXCL12\/CXCR4 (which drives tumor proliferation, angiogenesis and chemoresistance via epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition), CCL2\/CCR2 (promoting immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages and resistance), and CCL5\/CCR5 (enhancing pro-oncogenic signaling and Treg\/MDSC infiltration). Pro-angiogenic ELR+CXC chemokines like CXCL8 induce vascularization and inflammation. On the contrary, effector chemokines (CXCL9\/10\/11\/13) correlate with \u201chot\u201d immune subtypes and improved survival in several studies. High expression of immunosuppressive chemokines predicts poorer prognosis and therapy resistance, while immune-attracting profiles associate with better outcomes and chemotherapy responsiveness. Therapeutically, inhibitors like plerixafor (CXCR4), PF-04136309 (CCR2), and maraviroc (CCR5) show preclinical promise, synergizing with chemotherapy, anti-VEGF, and checkpoint inhibitors. Chemokines also represent actionable molecular targets to overcome ovarian cancer\u2019s \u201ccold\u201d immune phenotype. Future research should validate multi-chemokine signatures for patient stratification and advanced clinical trials toward personalized therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb48070673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:58:04Z","timestamp":1782799084000},"page":"673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Selected Chemokines as Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Ovarian Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2682-1884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"D\u0142ugaszek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Clinical Oncology Unit, The Professor K. Gibi\u0144ski University Clinical Center of the Silesian Medical, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0873-4952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Kabut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Clinical Oncology Unit, The Professor K. Gibi\u0144ski University Clinical Center of the Silesian Medical, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Domaga\u0142a-Haduch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Clinical Oncology Unit, The Professor K. Gibi\u0144ski University Clinical Center of the Silesian Medical, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Gorzelak-Magiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Clinical Oncology Unit, The Professor K. Gibi\u0144ski University Clinical Center of the Silesian Medical, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Sadurska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Oncology Unit, The Professor K. Gibi\u0144ski University Clinical Center of the Silesian Medical, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1825-0916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria-Laura","family":"Morawiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8528-1494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Mielczarek-Palacz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6320-0224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Gisterek-Grocholska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Clinical Oncology Unit, The Professor K. Gibi\u0144ski University Clinical Center of the Silesian Medical, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vidal, F., Guerby, P., Luyckx, M., Haddad, P., Stoeckle, E., Morice, P., Leblanc, E., Lecuru, F., Dara\u00ef, E., and Classe, J.M. (2016). Are early relapses in advanced-stage ovarian cancer doomed to a poor prognosis?. 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