{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T08:07:49Z","timestamp":1784189269979,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"BRIN RIIM LPDP","award":["41781\/IT3.D10\/PT.01.03\/P\/B\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41781\/IT3.D10\/PT.01.03\/P\/B\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by progressive deterioration in lung function and persistent symptoms, particularly dyspnea, which can lead to death. Inflammation is important in COPD pathogenesis because it causes persistent inflammatory responses in the respiratory tract. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate H2O extracts derived from Wedelia (Sphagneticola trilobata) and Sembung Rambat (Mikania micrantha), respectively, as anti-inflammatory agents and to analyze the metabolite profiles contained in the extracts. The results showed that Sembung Rambat H2O extract demonstrated significant inhibition of IL-2 (100 \u00b1 0.00%), while Wedelia extract inhibited 74.68 \u00b1 7.13% release of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. Liquid Chromatography\u2013Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS) analysis mainly identified the presence of amino acids, phenolic acids, organic acids, and terpenoids in both extracts. These results suggest the promising potential of Wedelia and Sembung Rambat extracts as herbal therapy for COPD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb48070720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T06:49:36Z","timestamp":1784184576000},"page":"720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of Wedelia (Sphagneticola trilobata) and Sembung Rambat (Mikania micrantha) Extracts as Herbal Medicine for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5776-4959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dyah","family":"Iswantini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"},{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Rahminiwati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0939-4635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trivadila","family":"Trivadila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"},{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9570-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Novriyandi","family":"Hanif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"},{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7513-4431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siti","family":"Sadiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1592-0558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rut Novalia Rahmawati","family":"Sianipar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riska Amelia","family":"Candra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5919-2947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rani Melati","family":"Sukma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susi","family":"Indariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raisa","family":"Zahra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung 45363, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muthia","family":"Khansa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Central Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14209","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-98505-y","article-title":"Cytokine profiles dynamics in COVID-19 patients: A longitudinal analysis of disease severity and outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Ghaffarpour","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. 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