{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:04:07Z","timestamp":1790139847709,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project","award":["232102111081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232102111081"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr. Issues Mol. Biol.","CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Selecting and validating appropriate reference genes is a prerequisite for accurate gene expression analysis by means of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), particularly in plant species with limited molecular research. Elsholtzia stauntonii is an economically important ornamental, medicinal, and aromatic plant. Although it exhibits a good tolerance to cold and drought, it is notably susceptible to waterlogging stress. To date, systematic investigations into its gene expression in different tissues and under waterlogging stress have not been extensively performed. In the present study, eight candidate reference genes, including GAPDH, ACT, UBQ, UBC, TUA, TUB, EF1-\u03b1, and eIF3K, were investigated using qRT-PCR in 13 samples from two distinct groups. The expression stability of these candidate genes was comprehensively assessed using the most commonly adopted algorithms: geNorm, NormFinder, Comparative \u0394Ct, BestKeeper, and RefFinder. The results demonstrated that UBC and EF1-\u03b1 were the most suitable reference genes for different tissue samples, whereas ACT, GAPDH, and UBQ exhibited optimal reference genes for leaves under waterlogging stress. In contrast, eIF3K and TUB were identified as the least stable reference genes in different tissue samples and waterlogged leaves, respectively. To validate the suitability of the selected reference genes, the expression patterns of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene 1 (ElstPAL1) were analyzed. Comprehensive consideration of reference gene performance and the validation results confirmed that GAPDH and ACT were applicable and accurate for qRT-PCR normalization for different tissues of E. stauntonii, while ACT, GAPDH, and UBQ were effective for waterlogging-stressed leaves. These findings establish a solid foundation for future gene expression studies in E. stauntonii samples from different tissues and subjected to waterlogging stress and will facilitate future molecular studies in this economically important species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb48090933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:05:26Z","timestamp":1789391126000},"page":"933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Selection and Validation of qRT-PCR Reference Genes in Elsholtzia stauntonii"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3934-9448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plant, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plant, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xiumei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plant, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2022.2084227","article-title":"Development of Reference Genes for Horticultural Plants","volume":"41","author":"Ahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0290023","article-title":"Quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR): Trends and problems","volume":"29","author":"Bustin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2809","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/err466","article-title":"Genome-wide identification and characterization of novel genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza","volume":"63","author":"Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, M., and Lu, S. (2016). Validation of suitable reference genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in Panax ginseng. Front. Plant Sci., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2015.01259"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, M., Ma, Y., Du, Q., Hou, X., Wang, M., and Lu, S. (2019). Functional Analysis of Polyprenyl Diphosphate Synthase Genes Involved in Plastoquinone and Ubiquinone Biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Front. Plant Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00893"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1902771116","article-title":"An R2R3 MYB transcription factor confers brown planthopper resistance by regulating the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase pathway in rice","volume":"117","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s12298-025-01603-4","article-title":"Evaluation and identification of reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis in bermudagrass roots under alkaline salt stress","volume":"31","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364190","article-title":"Real-time RT-PCR normalisation; strategies and considerations","volume":"6","author":"Huggett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.108.061143","article-title":"Eleven Golden Rules of Quantitative RT-PCR","volume":"20","author":"Udvardi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ern305","article-title":"Normalization of RT-qPCR data: The necessity of adopting a systematic, experimental conditions-specific, validation of references","volume":"60","author":"Mauriat","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83918-2","article-title":"Selection and validation of reference genes by RT-qPCR under photoperiodic induction of flowering in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.)","volume":"11","author":"Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7374","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63917-5","article-title":"Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Normalisation of Gene Expression in Glehnia littoralis","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Li, X.W., and Hedge, I.C. (1994). Flora of China, Science Press."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2010.06.006","article-title":"Fumigant toxicity of Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. and Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth. extracts on three major stored-grain insects","volume":"32","author":"He","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ind. Crop Prod."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"77","article-title":"Fumigant activity of Elsholtzia stauntonii extract against Lasioderma serricorne","volume":"108","author":"Lv","year":"2012","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-021-03829-4","article-title":"Biological activities and synergistic effects of Elsholtzia stauntonii essential oil from flowers and leaves and their major constituents against Tribolium castaneum","volume":"247","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Food Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2023.2273262","article-title":"Biological activities of Elsholtzia stauntonii essential oil and its major constituents against Tribolium castaneum larvae and Lasioderma serricorne adults","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"18","article-title":"Studies on components of essential oils in Elsholtzia stauntonii","volume":"9","author":"Du","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chin. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-960459","article-title":"Three new C-methylated flavones from Elsholtzia stauntonii","volume":"65","author":"Zheng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.32417\/1997-4868-2020-202-11-76-84","article-title":"Accumulation of biologically active substances in plants of Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth. grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea","volume":"11","author":"Pekhova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agrar. Bullet. Ural."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"37","article-title":"Composition of Elsholtzia stauntonii essential oil prepared by steam distillation and supercritical CO2 fluid extraction","volume":"37","author":"Zheng","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. West Norm. Univ."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-025-04333-8","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Clove and Elsholtzia Plants Against Common Pathogens of Bovine Mastitis, Antioxidant Activity, and Toxicity to Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"41","article-title":"The germplasm resource and ornamental character of the Lamiaceae in Beijing","volume":"22","author":"Tian","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Beijing Univ. Agric."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"169","article-title":"Introduction and domestication and application of Elsholtzia stauntonii in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Plain","volume":"45","author":"Si","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anhui Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bharati, R., Sen, M.K., Kumar, R., Gupta, A., Sur, V.P., Melnikovov\u00e1, I., and Fern\u00e1ndez-Cusimamani, E. (2022). Selection and Validation of the Most Suitable Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR Normalization in Salvia rosmarinus under In Vitro Conditions. Plants, 11.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1652567\/v1"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Qiao, F., Geng, G., and Lu, Y. (2023). Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes for Gene Expression Analysis in Wild Lamiophlomis rotate. Genes, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14030573"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06153-y","article-title":"Selection and evaluation of reference genes for qRT-PCR of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi under different experimental conditions","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22397-5","article-title":"Validation of suitable reference genes by various algorithms for gene expression analysis in Isodon rubescens under different abiotic stresses","volume":"12","author":"Lian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1191","article-title":"RNA-Seq and its applications: A new technology for transcriptomics","volume":"33","author":"Qi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hereditas"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0510-421","article-title":"Advancing RNA-Seq analysis","volume":"28","author":"Haas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin, L., Fei, Z., Giovannoni, J., and Rose, J. (2013). Catalyzing plant science research with RNA-seq. Front. Plant Sci., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2013.00066"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-019-1553-5","article-title":"Public-transcriptome-database-assisted selection and validation of reliable reference genes for qRT-PCR in rice","volume":"63","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai, X., Chen, T., Wu, Y., Tang, M., and Xu, Z.F. (2021). Selection and validation of reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis in the oil-rich tuber crop tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) based on transcriptome data. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052569"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santos, K.C.G.D., Desgagn\u00e9-Penix, I., and Germain, H. (2020). Custom selected reference genes outperform pre-defined reference genes in transcriptomic analysis. BMC Genom., 21, Correction in BMC Genom. 2021, 22, 607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12864-021-07743-7.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-021-07743-7"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, W., Yang, Y., Wang, W., Hu, Z., and Leng, P. (2024). Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies in Euonymus japonicus Based on RNA Sequencing. Genes, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15010131"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112797","article-title":"The MIQE guidelines: Minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments","volume":"55","author":"Bustin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Ding, L., Zhang, J., Wei, J., and Wang, H. (2016). Validation of Reference Genes for Gene Expression by Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR in Stem Segments Spanning Primary to Secondary Growth in Populus tomentosa. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157370"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"research0034","article-title":"Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes","volume":"3","author":"Vandesompele","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5245","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-0496","article-title":"Normalization of realtime quantitative reverse transcription-PCR data: A model-based variance estimation approach to identify genes suited for normalization, applied to bladder and colon cancer data sets","volume":"64","author":"Andersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silver, N., Best, S., Jiang, J., and Thein, S.L. (2006). Selection of housekeeping genes for gene expression studies in human reticulocytes using real-time PCR. BMC Mol. Biol., 7.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2199-7-33"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BILE.0000019559.84305.47","article-title":"Determination of stable housekeeping genes, differentially regulated target genes and sample integrity: Bestkeeper\u2013Excel-based tool using pair-wise correlations","volume":"26","author":"Pfaffl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10142-023-01055-7","article-title":"RefFinder: A web-based tool for comprehensively analyzing and identifying reference genes","volume":"2","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Funct. Integr. Genom."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"1956","article-title":"Evaluation and validation of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the gene expression in Macadamia Integrifolia","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Forests"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Han, X., Wang, C., Qi, W., Zhang, W., Tang, L., and Zhao, X. (2017). Validation of suitable reference genes for RT-qPCR data in Achyranthes bidentata Blume under different experimental conditions. Front. Plant Sci., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.00776"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bu, J., Zhao, J., and Liu, M. (2016). Expression stabilities of candidate reference genes for RT-qPCR in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) under a variety of conditions. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154212"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, R., Chen, W., Tiguabu, M., Zhong, W., Li, Y., Ma, X., and Li, M. (2019). Screening and evaluation of stable reference genes for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis in Chinese fir roots under water, phosphorus, and nitrogen stresses. Forests, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/f10121087"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, J., Li, E., Liu, J., Zhang, Z., Hua, B., Jiang, J., and Miao, M. (2013). Selection of reliable reference genes for gene expression Normalization in Sagittaria trifolia. Genes, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14071321"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10779","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46100640","article-title":"Identification of the Optimal Quantitative RT-PCR Reference Gene for Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera)","volume":"46","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Y., Zhang, C., Yang, H., Lyu, L., Li, W., and Wu, W. (2021). Selection and validation of candidate reference genes for gene Expression Analysis by RT-qPCR in Rubus. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910533"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12233946","article-title":"Validation of Novel Reference Genes in Different Rice Plant Tissues through Mining RNA-Seq Datasets","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"uhaf070","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhaf070","article-title":"Beyond Glycolysis: Multifunctional Roles of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GAPDHs) in Plants","volume":"12","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Horti. Res."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.17.01519","article-title":"The actin cytoskeleton: Functional arrays for cytoplasmic organization and cell shape control","volume":"176","author":"Szymanski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan, G., Gao, H., and Yang, T. (2023). Exploring the Role of the Plant Actin Cytoskeleton: From Signaling to Cellular Functions. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242015480"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8408","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44849-1","article-title":"Identification of reliable reference genes for qRT-PCR in the ephemeral plant Arabidopsis pumila based on full-length transcriptome data","volume":"9","author":"Jin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Z., Zhang, R., and Zhou, Z. (2021). Identification and validation of reference genes for gene expression analysis in Schima superba. Genes, 12.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-361995\/v1"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., He, Q., Li, X., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Zhang, L., Yao, X., Zhang, X., Liu, C., and Wang, H. (2023). Identification of Accurate Reference Genes for qRT-PCR Analysis of Gene Expression in Eremochloa ophiuroides under Multiple Stresses of Phosphorus Deficiency and\/or Aluminum Toxicity. Plants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12213751"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Zhang, C., Harijati, N., Diao, Y., Liu, E., and Hu, Z. (2023). Selection and evaluation of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in Amorphophallus Konjac based on transcriptome data. Genes, 14.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202306.1920.v1"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4545","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-019-04910-8","article-title":"Selection of suitable reference genes for quantitive real-time PCR normalization in Miscanthus lutarioriparia","volume":"46","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moura, J.C.M.S., Ara\u00fajo, P., Brito, M.S., Souza, U.R., Viana, J.O.F., and Mazzafera, P. (2012). Validation of reference genes from Eucalyptus spp. under different stress conditions. BMC Res. Notes, 5.","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-634"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, F., Chen, Y., Wu, H., and Yin, T. (2022). A Selection of Reliable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Analysis in the Female and Male Flowers of Salix suchowensis. Plants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11050647"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, J., Li, J., and Gao, T. (2022). Evaluation of Reference Genes for Gene Expression Analysis in Eichhornia crassipes. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su141711071"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae376","article-title":"Plants reshape protoxylem through tubulin adjustment","volume":"196","author":"Shao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."}],"container-title":["Current Issues in Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/48\/9\/933\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:11:38Z","timestamp":1790136698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/48\/9\/933"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["cimb48090933"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cimb48090933","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-3045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-3045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]}}}