{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:12:51Z","timestamp":1790773971524,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinics and Practice"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coordination of care for patients with neuro-ophthalmic disorders can be very challenging in the community emergency department (ED) setting. Unlike university- or tertiary hospital-based EDs, the general ophthalmologist is often not as familiar with neuro-ophthalmology and the examination of neuro-ophthalmology patients in the acute ED setting. Embracing image capturing of the fundus, using a non-mydriatic camera, may be a game-changer for communication between ED physicians, ophthalmologists, and tele-neurologists. Patient care decisions can now be made with photographic documentation that is then conveyed through HIPAA-compliant messaging with accurate and useful information with both ease and convenience. Likewise, external photos of the anterior segment and motility are also helpful. Finally, establishing clinical and imaging guidelines for common neuro-ophthalmic disorders can help facilitate complete and appropriate evaluation and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/clinpract11040106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T21:19:08Z","timestamp":1638479948000},"page":"919-932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Bridging the Gap between Ophthalmology and Emergency Medicine in Community-Based Emergency Departments (EDs): A Neuro-Ophthalmology Guide for ED Practitioners"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kristina","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Joseph\u2019s Medical Center, Stockton, CA 95204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0840-0618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cindy","family":"Ocran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Central Valley Eye Medical Group, Stockton, CA 95207, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Monterastelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo A.","family":"Sadun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doheny Eye Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 91105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly P.","family":"Cockerham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Central Valley Eye Medical Group, Stockton, CA 95207, USA"},{"name":"Byers Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.04.003","article-title":"A Proposal to Improve Ophthalmic Education in Medical Schools","volume":"121","author":"Albert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.12.025","article-title":"The State of Ophthalmology Medical Student Education in the United States and Canada, 2012 through 2013","volume":"121","author":"Shah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182823361","article-title":"Teleneurology applications: Report of the Telemedicine Work Group of the American Academy of Neurology","volume":"80","author":"Wechsler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2015.05.010","article-title":"Acute Vision Loss","volume":"42","author":"Bagheri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prim. 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