{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:36:05Z","timestamp":1777494965057,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinics and Practice"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases are unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Only early diagnosis and curative resection can help prolong survival. We tried to find out useful clinical clues of pre-symptomatic area prior to pancreatic cancer diagnosis compared to normal controls. Of 4799 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between 1995 and 2014 at the Samsung Medical Center, 51 were selected for study. They had no symptoms at diagnosis and underwent computed tomography 6 to 36 months prior to diagnosis for reasons other than cancer diagnosis. We selected 288 control subjects who underwent computed tomography during the same period. Data were retrospectively reviewed included various variables. Fasting blood sugar (171.8 \u00b1 97.5 vs. 115.8 \u00b1 34.8 units, p &lt; 0.05), new onset diabetes mellitus within 3 years (12\/51 (23.5%) vs. 17\/181 (9.8%), p &lt; 0.05), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level (609.5 \u00b1 2342.5 vs. 17.0 \u00b1 26.2, p = 0.08), main pancreatic duct dilatation (26\/51 (51.0%) vs. 57\/181 (31.5%), p &lt; 0.05) in computed tomography scan were higher in pancreatic cancer group than in normal group, respectively. In multi-variate analysis, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, new onset diabetes mellitus (&lt;3 years), and segmental main pancreatic duct dilatation were independent risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Our study concluded that independent risk factors for pancreatic cancer were elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9, new onset diabetes mellitus (&lt;3 years), and local main pancreatic ductal dilatation on computed tomography scan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/clinpract12010008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T20:46:03Z","timestamp":1642452363000},"page":"70-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Clinical Clues of Pre-Symptomatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Prior to Its Diagnosis: A Retrospective Review of CT Scans and Laboratory Tests"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9179-1914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hwe Hoon","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 06351, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung Sook","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 06351, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joo Kyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 06351, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.1.10","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2005","volume":"55","author":"Jemal","year":"2005","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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