{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T12:17:07Z","timestamp":1778156227639,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Sekisui House Ltd.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24K23652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24K23652"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Sekisui House Ltd.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26K06054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26K06054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clocks &amp; Sleep"],"abstract":"<jats:p>While the health benefits of pet ownership are well-documented, research on co-sleeping with pets has yielded conflicting results, often contrasting objective sleep disturbances with subjective satisfaction. This study examined the association between dog or cat co-sleeping and well-being across two age groups: adults and youths. Data were collected through two cross-sectional online surveys involving adults (n = 2675) and youths (n = 1050). Participants reported their pet ownership, co-sleeping status, and well-being using the five-item World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare WHO-5 scores among three groups: non-owners, owners who do not co-sleep, and co-sleepers. In adults, dog co-sleepers exhibited significantly higher well-being scores compared to non-owners (p = 0.025). However, no significant associations were observed in the youth sample. These findings suggest that while pet co-sleeping is often perceived as disruptive, it may be positively associated with subjective well-being in adult populations. Further longitudinal research is needed to clarify the causal relationship and the specific mechanisms underlying this \u201cpet effect\u201d in the context of shared sleep environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/clockssleep8020025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T10:39:47Z","timestamp":1778150387000},"page":"25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pet Co-Sleeping and Well-Being: Evidence from Two Cross-Sectional Online Surveys of Youths and Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0854-5120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaori","family":"Endo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9309-4285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keiichi","family":"Shimatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Home and Palliative Care Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3102-688X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norimichi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"},{"name":"Design Research Institute, Chiba University, Chiba 131-0044, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.2752\/089279314X14072268687880","article-title":"The prevalence and implications of human-animal co-sleeping in an Australian sample","volume":"27","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anthrozo\u00f6s"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5577","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56055-9","article-title":"Co-sleeping with pets, stress, and sleep in a nationally-representative sample of United States adults","volume":"14","author":"Chin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. 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Public Health, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22111654"}],"container-title":["Clocks &amp; Sleep"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2624-5175\/8\/2\/25\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:50:31Z","timestamp":1778154631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2624-5175\/8\/2\/25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["clockssleep8020025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/clockssleep8020025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2624-5175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2624-5175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]}}}