{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T07:32:14Z","timestamp":1770017534762,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CMTR"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures are among the most common craniofacial injuries, impacting both function and esthetics. This study evaluates the effectiveness of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in restoring facial symmetry following ZMC fractures. Sixteen patients with unilateral ZMC fractures underwent a retrospective analysis comparing preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans to a control group of ten individuals without facial fractures. Quantitative metrics, including root mean square distance (RMSD) and heatmap analysis, were used alongside a qualitative zygoma fracture scale to assess outcomes. Postoperative results showed significant improvements in facial symmetry, with RMSD values approaching those of the control group. Heatmap analysis revealed that 50% of patients achieved deviations within 2\u20134 mm and 31% within 2 mm, highlighting the effectiveness of ORIF. More complex fractures exhibited higher residual asymmetry, emphasizing the influence of fracture severity on surgical outcomes. The zygoma fracture scale correlated with heatmap results, supporting its value as a complementary assessment tool. These findings demonstrate ORIF\u2019s capability to restore symmetry while identifying areas for improvement in managing complex fractures. The study underscores the need for enhanced imaging and standardized evaluation methods to optimize surgical precision and outcomes in craniofacial trauma care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cmtr18020022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T03:35:28Z","timestamp":1743132928000},"page":"22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantitative and Qualitative Symmetry Analysis of Open Reduction and Fixation of Zygomatic Complex Fractures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6888-9219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederic","family":"Van der Cruyssen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathilda","family":"Wylde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1FR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0656-1947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1FR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali Reza","family":"Pourkarim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeeshan","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1FR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nabeel","family":"Bhatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1FR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4296-8629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1FR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181e62e47","article-title":"Characteristics and Epidemiology of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures","volume":"21","author":"Bogusiak","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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