{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T06:03:13Z","timestamp":1768024993663,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009-0093823"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009-0093823"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003693","name":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2E26900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2E26900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Coatings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the discovery of the self-cleaning properties of the lotus effect, the wetting of surfaces were intensively investigated due to their potential application in many industrial sectors. The transparency of flexible liquid repellent coatings are a major industrial problem and their economic consequences are widely known. Hence, a comprehensive understanding of the developments of flexible and transparent superamphiphobic surfaces is required in a number of technological and industrial situations. In this review, we aim to discuss the progress in the design, synthesis, fabrication techniques, and applications of flexible and transparent superamphiphobic surfaces. We start with an introduction, exploring the contact angles and wetting states for superhydrophilic, superhydrophobic, and superoleophobic surfaces, and continue with a review of the wetting transition of such surfaces. Then, we highlight the fabrication techniques involved for the preparation of flexible and transparent superamphiphobic surfaces. This review also discusses the key issues in the fabrication process and surfaces, and their features in improving durability characteristics and self-repellent performance. Then we suggest various recommendations for the improvement of mechanical durability along with potential future directions towards more systematic methods that will also be acceptable for industry. Finally, we conclude with some challenges and potential applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings8020047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T12:25:49Z","timestamp":1516883149000},"page":"47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Chemical and Physical Pathways for Fabricating Flexible Superamphiphobic Surfaces with High Transparency"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9514-0617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bichitra","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6875-2159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kukro","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8898-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jungmok","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea"},{"name":"Division of Bio-Medical Science &Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8269-0257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taeyoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s004250050096","article-title":"Purity of the sacred lotus, or escape from contamination in biological surfaces","volume":"202","author":"Barthlott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14116","DOI":"10.1021\/la9017322","article-title":"Hierarchically sculptured plant surfaces and super hydrophobicity","volume":"25","author":"Koch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4892","DOI":"10.1021\/la063039b","article-title":"Superior water repellency of water strider legs with hierarchical structures: Experiments and analysis","volume":"23","author":"Feng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1021\/ar040224c","article-title":"Bioinspired surfaces with special wettability","volume":"38","author":"Sun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acc. 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