{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T20:39:20Z","timestamp":1783715960472,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The multifocality and multicentrality of breast cancer (MFMCC) are the significant aspects that determine a specialist\u2019s choice between applying breast-conserving therapy (BCT) or performing a mastectomy. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of mammography (MG), contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women diagnosed with breast cancer before qualifying for surgical intervention to visualize other (additional) cancer foci. Methods: The study included 60 breast cancer cases out of 630 patients initially who underwent surgery due to breast cancer from January 2015 to April 2019. MG, CESM, and MRI were compared with each other in terms of the presence of MFMCC and assessed for compliance with the postoperative histopathological examination (HP). Results: Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of MFMCC in 33\/60 (55%) patients. The sensitivity of MG in detecting MFMCC was 50%, and its specificity was 95.83%. For CESM, the sensitivity was 85.29%, and the specificity was 96.15%. For MRI, all the above-mentioned parameters were higher as follows: sensitivity\u201491.18%; specificity\u201492.31%. Conclusions: In patients with MFMCC, both CESM and MRI are highly sensitive in the detection of additional cancer foci. Both CESM and MRI change the extent of surgical intervention in every fourth patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol28050341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T23:37:08Z","timestamp":1633822628000},"page":"4016-4030","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Multifocality and Multicentrality in Breast Cancer: Comparison of the Efficiency of Mammography, Contrast-Enhanced Spectral Mammography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Group of Patients with Primarily Operable Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8127-8829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Steinhof-Radwa\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Prof. Kornel Gibi\u0144ski Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Lorek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncological Surgery, Prof. Kornel Gibi\u0144ski Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-514 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3289-1050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Holecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medical Science, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Barczyk-Gutkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Prof. Kornel Gibi\u0144ski Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4786-6533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Gra\u017cy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Society Department of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, University Clinical Center Prof. K. Gibi\u0144ski, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Szczud\u0142o-Chra\u015bcina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncology Hospital, 43-300 Bielsko-Bia\u0142a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4940-499X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oskar","family":"Bo\u017cek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Prof. Kornel Gibi\u0144ski Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8609-2473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Habas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Sosnowiec, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Szyluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, District Hospital of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, 41-940 Piekary \u015al\u0105skie, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Niemiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6320-0224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Gisterek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Prof. Kornel Gibi\u0144ski Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-515 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-20301-6_4","article-title":"Breast cancer: Current perspectives on the disease status. 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