{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T12:56:28Z","timestamp":1789563388515,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with an overall unfavorable prognosis. Clinicians treating patients with ACC have noted accelerated growth in metastatic liver lesions that requires rapid intervention compared to other metastatic locations. This study measured and compared the growth rates of metastatic ACC lesions in the lungs, liver, and lymph nodes using volumetric segmentation. A total of 12 patients with metastatic ACC (six male; six female) were selected based on their medical history. Computer tomography (CT) exams were retrospectively reviewed and a sampling of \u22645 metastatic lesions per organ were selected for evaluation. Lesions in the liver, lung, and lymph nodes were measured and evaluated by volumetric segmentation. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the volumetric growth rates of the lesions in each organ system. In this cohort, 5\/12 had liver lesions, 7\/12 had lung lesions, and 5\/12 had lymph node lesions. A total of 92 lesions were evaluated and segmented for lesion volumetry. The volume doubling time per organ system was 27 days in the liver, 90 days in the lungs, and 95 days in the lymph nodes. In this series of 12 patients with metastatic ACC, liver lesions showed a faster growth rate than lung or lymph node lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol28060370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T11:47:38Z","timestamp":1635767258000},"page":"4357-4366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Tumor Doubling Time Using CT Volumetric Segmentation in Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Sarah N.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Branch, Rare Tumor Initiative, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Shafiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8990-158X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Venzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Liewehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Mauda Havanuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interventional Oncology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maran G.","family":"Ilanchezhian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Branch, Rare Tumor Initiative, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Edgerly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria L.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interventional Oncology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elliot B.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interventional Oncology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Choung D.","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karlyne M.","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Branch, Rare Tumor Initiative, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte C.","family":"Widemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Branch, Rare Tumor Initiative, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradford J.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interventional Oncology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadi","family":"Bagheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9710-4030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaydira","family":"Del Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Branch, Rare Tumor Initiative, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"},{"name":"Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.37.6.348","article-title":"Adrenocortical carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Brennan","year":"1987","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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