{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T10:38:02Z","timestamp":1784371082534,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare malignancy, with a rising incidence in recent decades, and accounts for roughly 40% of all cancers of the small bowel. The majority of SBAs arise in the duodenum and are associated with a dismal prognosis. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for localized disease, while systemic treatments parallel those used in colorectal cancer (CRC), both in the adjuvant and palliative setting. In fact, owing to the lack of prospective data supporting its optimal management, SBA has historically been treated in the same way as CRC. However, recent genetic and molecular data suggest a distinct profile from other gastrointestinal malignancies and support a more nuanced approach to its management. Herein, we briefly review the state-of-the-art in the clinical management of early-stage and advanced disease and recent discoveries of potentially actionable genetic alterations or pathways along with the most promising ongoing clinical trials, which will hopefully revolutionize the treatment landscape of this orphan disease in the foreseeable future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29020104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T20:24:26Z","timestamp":1645129466000},"page":"1223-1236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Fabio","family":"Gelsomino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Division of Oncology, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4368-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Balsano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"De Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, 40124 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Garajov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.026401","article-title":"Incidence and management of malignant digestive endocrine tumours in a well defined French population","volume":"53","author":"Lepage","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"The epidemiology of cancer of the small bowel","volume":"7","author":"Neugut","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. 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