{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:38:21Z","timestamp":1787027901070,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chest tubes are routinely inserted after thoracic surgery procedures in different sizes and numbers. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of Smart Drain Coaxial drainage compared with two standard chest tubes in patients undergoing thoracotomy for pulmonary lobectomy. Ninety-eight patients (57 males and 41 females, mean age 68.3 \u00b1 7.4 years) with lung cancer undergoing open pulmonary lobectomy were randomized in two groups: 50 received one upper 28-Fr and one lower 32-Fr standard chest tube (ST group) and 48 received one 28-Fr Smart Drain Coaxial tube (SDC group). Hospitalization, quantity of fluid output, air leaks, radiograph findings, pain control and costs were assessed. SDC group showed shorter hospitalization (7.3 vs. 6.1 days, p = 0.02), lower pain in postoperative day-1 (p = 0.02) and a lower use of analgesic drugs (p = 0.04). Pleural effusion drainage was lower in SDC group in the first postoperative day (median 400.0 \u00b1 200.0 mL vs. 450.0 \u00b1 193.8 mL, p = 0.04) and as a mean of first three PODs (median 325.0 \u00b1 137.5 mL vs. 362.5 \u00b1 96.7 mL, p = 0.01). No difference in terms of fluid retention, residual pleural space, subcutaneous emphysema and complications after chest tubes removal was found. In conclusion, Smart Drain Coaxial chest tube seems a feasible option after thoracotomy for pulmonary lobectomy. The SDC group showed a shorter hospitalization and decreased analgesic drugs use and, thus, a reduction of costs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29070354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T21:31:06Z","timestamp":1655933466000},"page":"4455-4463","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Coaxial Drainage versus Standard Chest Tube after Pulmonary Lobectomy: A Randomized Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2722-4974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Bassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Mottola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Amore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreina","family":"Pagini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4514-0678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Diso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Vannucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Poggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiziano","family":"De Giacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erino Angelo","family":"Rendina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Unit, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, Universit\u00e0 La Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Venuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Anile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplant \u201cPARIDE STEFANINI\u201d, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)00884-1","article-title":"Comparison of the immediate postoperative outcome of using the conventional two drains versus a single drain after lobectomy","volume":"76","author":"Alex","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. 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