{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:35:12Z","timestamp":1792197312266,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The prostatic urethra (PU) is conventionally resected during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RALP). Recent studies demonstrated the feasibility of the extended PU preservation (EPUP). Aims: To describe the histologic features of the PU. Methods: The PU was evaluated using cystoprostatectomy and RALP specimens. Cases of PU infiltration by prostate cancer or distortion by benign hyperplastic nodules were excluded. The thickness of the chorion and distance between the urothelium and prostate glands were measured. Prostate-specific antigen expression in the PU epithelium was evaluated with immunohistochemistry. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: Six specimens of PU were examined. Histologically, the following layers of the PU were observed: (1) urothelium with basal membrane, (2) chorion, and (3) prostatic peri-urethral fibromuscular tissue. The chorion measures between 0.2 and 0.4 mm. There is not a distinct urethral muscle layer, but rather muscular fibers that originate near the prostatic stroma and are distributed around the PU. This muscular tissue appears to be mainly represented in the basal and apical urethra, but not in the middle urethra. The mean distance between the chorion and prostatic glands is 1.74 mm, with significant differences between base of the prostate, middle urethral portion, and apex (2.5 vs. 1.49 vs. 1.23 mm, respectively). PSA-expressing cells are abundant in the PU epithelium, coexisting with urothelial cells. Conclusions: The exiguity of thickness of the PU chorion, short distance from glandular tissue, and coexistence of PSA-expressing cells in the epithelium raise important concerns about the oncologic safety of EPUP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol30010082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T05:03:03Z","timestamp":1673499783000},"page":"1065-1076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["\u201cUrethral-Sparing\u201d Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: Critical Appraisal of the Safety of the Technique Based on the Histologic Characteristics of the Prostatic Urethra"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7230-579X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios D.","family":"Asimakopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Unit, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Urology Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, San Donato Hospital, 52100 Arezzo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3697-6457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Annino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, San Donato Hospital, 52100 Arezzo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Colalillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Unit, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Gaston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Urology, Clinique Saint-Augustin, 33074 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Piechaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Urology, Clinique Saint-Augustin, 33074 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mauriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7586-4132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umberto","family":"Anceschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Borri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomic Pathology, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, San Donato Hospital, 52100 Arezzo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043739","article-title":"Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in early prostate cancer","volume":"352","author":"Holmberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. 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