{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T06:37:07Z","timestamp":1781332627068,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of macroscopic cervical cancer leads to worse oncologic outcomes than with open surgery. Preoperative conization may mitigate the risk of surgical approach. Our objective was to describe the oncologic outcomes in cases of cervical cancer initially treated with conization, and subsequently found to have no residual cervical cancer after hysterectomy performed via open and minimally invasive approaches. This was a retrospective cohort study of surgically treated cervical cancer at 11 Canadian institutions from 2007 to 2017. Cases initially treated with cervical conization and subsequent hysterectomy, with no residual disease on hysterectomy specimen were included. They were subdivided according to minimally invasive (laparoscopic\/robotic (MIS) or laparoscopically assisted vaginal\/vaginal hysterectomy (LVH)), or abdominal (AH). Recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis. Chi-square and log-rank tests were used to compare between cohorts. Within the total cohort, 238\/1696 (14%) had no residual disease on hysterectomy specimen (122 MIS, 103 AH, and 13 VLH). The majority of cases in the cohort were FIGO 2018 stage IB1 (43.7%) and underwent a radical hysterectomy (81.9%). There was no statistical difference between stage, histology, and radical vs simple hysterectomy between the abdominal and minimally invasive groups. There were no significant differences in RFS (5-year: MIS\/LVH 97.7%, AH 95.8%, p = 0.23) or OS (5-year: MIS\/VLH 98.9%, AH 97.4%, p = 0.10), although event-rates were low. There were only two recurrences. In this large study including only patients with no residual cervical cancer on hysterectomy specimen, no significant differences in survival were seen by surgical approach. This may be due to the small number of events or due to no actual difference between the groups. Further studies are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol30020153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T06:22:25Z","timestamp":1675664545000},"page":"1977-1985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Oncologic Outcomes of Surgically Treated Cervical Cancer with No Residual Disease on Hysterectomy Specimen: A 4C (Canadian Cervical Cancer Collaborative) Working Group Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0054-808X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christa","family":"Aubrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory R.","family":"Pond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Escarpment Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Limor","family":"Helpman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Vicus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Science Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8966-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurie","family":"Elit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Plante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universite de Quebec, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susie","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice S.","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6345-4910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alon D.","family":"Altman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Winnipeg Women\u2019s Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla","family":"Willows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Center, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3K 4N1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomer","family":"Feigenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON L5B 1B8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-962X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanelle","family":"Sabourin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Samouelian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universite de Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norah","family":"Cockburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora-Beth","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Winnipeg Women\u2019s Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Piedimonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Science Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ly-Ann","family":"Teo-Fortin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universite de Quebec, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soyoun Rachel","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Science Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noor","family":"Sadeq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Center, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3K 4N1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hyun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Shamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5H 3V9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8177-1098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregg","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.06.009","article-title":"Robotic radical hysterectomy in early stage cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"138","author":"Shazly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gynecol. 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Med. Sci."}],"container-title":["Current Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/30\/2\/153\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:25:16Z","timestamp":1760120716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/30\/2\/153"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["curroncol30020153"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/curroncol30020153","relation":{},"ISSN":["1718-7729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1718-7729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]}}}