{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T22:34:57Z","timestamp":1788129297180,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]],"date-time":"2023-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The assessment and treatment of vertebral primary bone lesions continue to pose a unique yet significant challenge. Indeed, there exists little in the literature in the way of compiling and overviewing the various types of vertebral lesions, which can often have complicated intervention strategies. Given the severe consequences of mismanaged vertebral bone tumors\u2014including the extreme loss of motor function\u2014it is clear that such an overview of spinal lesion care is needed. Thus, in the following paper, we aim to address the assessment of various vertebral primary bone lesions, outlining the relevant nonsurgical and surgical interventional methods. We describe examples of primary benign and malignant tumors, comparing and contrasting their differences. We also highlight emerging treatments and approaches for these tumors, like cryoablation and stereotactic body radiation therapy. Ultimately, we aim to emphasize the need for further guidelines in regard to correlating lesion type with proper therapy, underscoring the innate diversity of vertebral primary bone lesions in the literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol30030232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T06:45:08Z","timestamp":1678085108000},"page":"3064-3078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Vertebral Primary Bone Lesions: Review of Management Options"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Anjalika","family":"Chalamgari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisy","family":"Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuban","family":"Palau Villarreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5551-7061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Foreman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aashay","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akanksha","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6577-4080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon","family":"Lucke-Wold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"33505","article-title":"Surgical Intervention for Spinal Lesions Due to Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report","volume":"15","author":"Almetrek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E17","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.9.FOCUS11207","article-title":"Incidental vertebral lesions","volume":"31","author":"Coumans","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosurg. 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