{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:42:05Z","timestamp":1792122125222,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is a mainstay for the treatment of head and neck (HN) cancers, with 80% of patients receiving such treatment. Radiation-induced malignancies represent a life-threatening long-term effect of RT, with an incidence of 0.5% to 15%. Case Description: After 13 years, a 33-year-old woman treated with chemo-radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma developed a locally advanced, radiation-induced, p16-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at the base of the tongue. Chemo\/immunotherapy was administered as a first-line treatment. Given the optimal response and the feasibility of surgery, after three cycles, the patient underwent a total glossectomy, bilateral neck dissection, and reconstruction with a thoraco-dorsal free flap. A histological examination found SCC with a residual cancer burden of 70% and free margins. Discussion: The mechanisms responsible for carcinogenesis after RT are still not completely clear. Diagnosis may be challenging due to the previous treatment; growth patterns are unusual, and lymphotropism is lower. Prognosis is usually poor since surgical resectability is often not achievable. Conclusions: Radiation-induced malignancies are difficult to treat. Patient management should always be discussed at a multidisciplinary level. Future research is needed to assess whether the promising results of clinical studies with pre-operative immunotherapy in locally advanced HN SCC patients may be translated into radiation-induced cancers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol30070492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T09:03:53Z","timestamp":1689325433000},"page":"6708-6719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Radiation-Induced Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Giannini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Alliata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Cristofaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola","family":"Incandela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madia","family":"Pompilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Ottini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1294-6859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Cavalieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imperia","family":"Nuzzolese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2556-9079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola Alessandro","family":"Iacovelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Franceschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Deganello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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