{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T20:14:30Z","timestamp":1783455270122,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al Maryse"},{"name":"William Brock Chair in Applied Research into Stem Cell Transplantation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epstein\u2013Barr virus-related post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-PTLD) is a serious complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A pre-emptive strategy using rituximab, which aims to manage patients early at the time of EBV reactivation to avoid PTLD, has been recommended by the most recent ECIL-6 guidelines in 2016. However, there is still a great heterogeneity of viral-load monitoring protocols, targeted patient populations, and pre-emptive treatment characteristics between centers, making precise EBV monitoring recommendations difficult. We conducted a literature review from the most recent publications between 1 January 2015 and 1 August 2023, to summarize the emerging data on EBV-PTLD prevention strategies in HSCT recipients, including the EBV-DNA threshold and use of rituximab. We also present the results of a survey of current practices carried out in 12 of the main HSCT centers across Canada. We confirm that pre-emptive rituximab remains an efficient strategy for EBV-PTLD prevention. However, there is an urgent need to perform prospective, randomized, multicentric trials with larger numbers of patients reflecting current practices to determine the best clinical conduct with regards to rituximab dosing, timing of treatment, and criteria to initiate treatments. Longer follow-ups will also be necessary to assess patients\u2019 long-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol31050211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T11:26:17Z","timestamp":1715858777000},"page":"2780-2795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Epstein\u2013Barr Virus Monitoring after an Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Review of the Recent Data and Current Practices in Canada"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Claire","family":"Ratiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2486-5813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon F.","family":"Dufresne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1T 2M4, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche de l\u2019H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1T 2M4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Thiant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche de l\u2019H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1T 2M4, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415 de l\u2019Assomption, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1T 2M4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7716-6864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche de l\u2019H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1T 2M4, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415 de l\u2019Assomption, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1T 2M4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-019-0548-7","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus-related post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (EBV-PTLD) in the setting of allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A comprehensive review from pathogenesis to forthcoming treatment modalities","volume":"55","author":"Bazarbachi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.144428","article-title":"Management of Epstein-Barr Virus infections and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Sixth European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-6) guidelines","volume":"101","author":"Styczynski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-021-04433-y","article-title":"Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"100","author":"Pegoraro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. 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