{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:09:54Z","timestamp":1791266994378,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy uses genetically engineered T-cells with specific binding sites. This therapy allows for tumor specificity and durable treatment responses for patients with hematological malignancies. In this review, we study the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with CAR-T therapy. We searched the National Institutes of Health library, Cochrane Library Databases, ClinicalTrials.gov database, and medical literature search engines PubMed and Google Scholar for Phase 2 and Phase 3 drug-efficacy and safety trials to determine the aggregate incidence and risk of VTE treated with CAR-T. Of 1127 search results, nine studies were identified and included in our meta-analysis. Of the 1017 patients who received therapy, 805 patients (79.15%) experienced some degree of CRS, and 122 patients (11.9%) experienced severe CRS (higher than grade 3). Only three out of one thousand and seventeen patients were reported to have experienced venous thromboembolism. Our study did not find a statistically significant association between increased VTE incidence (OR = 0.0005, 95% CI [0.0001, 0.0017]) and CRS\/ICANS (p &lt; 0.0001). There was a 0.0050 (95% confidence interval [0.0019, 0.0132]) relative risk for VTE. In our study, we did not find a statistically significantly increased risk of developing VTE despite CRS and underlying malignancy, which have been associated with increased risk of VTE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol31080323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T11:54:19Z","timestamp":1722945259000},"page":"4338-4345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Hematological Malignancies Post-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Therapy: A Meta-Analysis of Phase 2 and Phase 3 Clinical Trials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0198-186X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akshit","family":"Chitkara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sushanth","family":"Sreenivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Consortium, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allegheny Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2880-0766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maitreyee","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santhosh","family":"Sadashiv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y.J., Abila, B., and Mostafa Kamel, Y. (2023). CAR-T: What Is Next?. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15030663"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024850","article-title":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"384","author":"Munshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00933-8","article-title":"Ciltacabtagene autoleucel, a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CARTITUDE-1): A phase 1b\/2 open-label study","volume":"398","author":"Berdeja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siegler, E.L., and Kenderian, S.S. (2020). Neurotoxicity and Cytokine Release Syndrome After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: Insights Into Mechanisms and Novel Therapies. Front. 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