{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:08:01Z","timestamp":1790208481965,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K07637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K07637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Differences in radiation-induced lymphopenia and prognosis between methods of radiotherapy (RT) for brain metastases remain unclear. Methods: In this retrospective analysis of patients who underwent whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) or stereotactic radiosurgery\/radiotherapy (SRS\/SRT) for brain metastases, baseline total lymphocyte count (TLC) data were obtained within 2 weeks before RT initiation. Follow-up TLC data were evaluated at 0\u20132, 2\u20134, and 4\u20138 weeks after RT completion. Persistent lymphopenia was defined as &lt;800\/\u03bcL at any time point. Results: Overall, 138 RT courses in 128 patients were eligible (94 WBRT; 44 SRS\/SRT). In the WBRT courses, the median baseline TLC was 1325\/\u03bcL (IQR: 923\u20131799). Follow-up TLC decreased significantly to 946\/\u03bcL (626\u20131316), 992\/\u03bcL (675\u20131291), and 1075\/\u03bcL (762\u20131435) (p &lt; 0.001). SRS\/SRT courses showed no significant TLC decrease. Multivariate analysis revealed female sex, prior RT, baseline TLC &lt; 800\/\u03bcL, and WBRT use were significantly associated with persistent lymphopenia. In the WBRT group, overall survival was significantly different between those with and without persistent lymphopenia (median, 2.6 and 6.1 months; p &lt; 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in survival in the SRS\/SRT group (p = 0.60). Conclusion: This study suggests SRS\/SRT might be preferable for lymphocyte preservation in brain metastasis patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol31080340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T09:20:51Z","timestamp":1723627251000},"page":"4559-4567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Radiation-Induced Lymphopenia and Its Impact on Survival in Patients with Brain Metastasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Naoko","family":"Ishida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4372-8259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukinori","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junki","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aritoshi","family":"Ri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamato Takada Municipal Hospital, 1-1 Isonokita-cho, Yamatotakada 635-0094, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saori","family":"Tatsuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Uehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Matsuura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Fuchu Hospital, 1-10-17 Hiko-cho, Izumi 594-0076, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3237-2119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Nakamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Hosono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Onohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"CD003869","article-title":"Whole brain radiotherapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple brain metastases","volume":"2012","author":"Tsao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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