{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:31:42Z","timestamp":1760146302778,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this retrospective unicentric study, we analyzed the medical records of 11 patients who were surgically treated for CNS lymphoma, both primary and secondary, between 2009 and 2024. Given the rarity of CNS lymphomas and their diverse signs and symptoms based on tumoral location, our aim was to describe key aspects, such as clinical presentations and surgical management. A possible relationship between obesity and CNS lymphoma progression was investigated through an analysis of previous study findings. The literature suggests a wide spectrum of manifestations, from nausea and headaches to loss of equilibrium and speech impairment. A predominance of unsystematized balance disorders and epileptic seizures were affirmed. Notably, as emerged from our study, aphasia was a particularly interesting neurological symptom due to its rarity in the clinical features of CNSL. Other significant factors, such as tumor localization and perioperative phases, were thoroughly investigated, with the latter highlighted by an illustrative case report. Additionally, a literature review was included, comprising nine recent retrospective studies on the efficacy of surgical resection for patients diagnosed with PCNSL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol31110491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T10:50:08Z","timestamp":1729853408000},"page":"6659-6672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surgical Considerations in Treating Central Nervous System Lymphomas: A Case Series of 11 Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Corneliu","family":"Toader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurovascular Disease, 077160 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3784-7355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian Vasile","family":"Dumitru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mugurel Petrinel","family":"Radoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurovascular Disease, 077160 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca-Andrei","family":"Glavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena-Monica","family":"Ilie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Razvan-Adrian","family":"Covache-Busuioc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vlad","family":"Buica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9232-1176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio-Daniel","family":"Corlatescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6347-9958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Horia-Petre","family":"Costin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Crivoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bucharest, 010014 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandru Vlad","family":"Ciurea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department and Scientific, Sanador Clinical Hospital, 010991 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106","article-title":"The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: A summary","volume":"23","author":"Louis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756286418793562","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286418793562","article-title":"Primary central nervous system lymphoma","volume":"11","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05447","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.5447","article-title":"Case series on patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: From clinical presentations to outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Anvari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.83","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of primary CNS lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Korfel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e322","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00076-5","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of primary CNS lymphoma in immunocompetent patients: Guidelines from the European Association for Neuro-Oncology","volume":"16","author":"Bessell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.281457","article-title":"Prevention and management of secondary central nervous system lymphoma","volume":"108","author":"Bobillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.357","article-title":"Age, gender, and racial differences in incidence and survival in primary CNS lymphoma","volume":"105","author":"Villano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2012.05.003","article-title":"Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma","volume":"26","author":"Brastianos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hematol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000001356","article-title":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","volume":"29","author":"Schaff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Contin. Lifelong Learn. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma: The Great Mimicker\u2014A Single-Institution Retrospective Study","volume":"2023","author":"Bazer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Case Rep. Oncol. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scheichel, F., Pinggera, D., Popadic, B., Sherif, C., Marhold, F., and Freyschlag, C.F. (2022). An Update on Neurosurgical Management of Primary CNS Lymphoma in Immunocompetent Patients. Front. Oncol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.884724"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-022-01931-z","article-title":"Resection versus biopsy for management of primary central nervous system lymphoma: A meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Stifano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Rev."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Green, K., Munakomi, S., and Hogg, J.P. (2024, July 06). Central Nervous System Lymphoma, StatPearls, Available online: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK545145\/."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4314","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30965","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of primary central nervous system lymphoma","volume":"123","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaa200","article-title":"CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2013\u20132017","volume":"22","author":"Ostrom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s41016-021-00238-0","article-title":"Treatment of secondary central nervous system involvement in systemic aggressive B cell lymphoma using R-MIADD chemotherapy: A single-center study","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Neurosurg. J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.09.139","article-title":"Prognostic Scoring System for Primary CNS Lymphomas: The International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group Experience","volume":"21","author":"Ferreri","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2012.742523","article-title":"Body mass index, height and risk of lymphoid neoplasms in a large United States cohort","volume":"54","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Leuk. Lymphoma"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.60.1.102","article-title":"Sentinel lesions of primary CNS lymphoma","volume":"60","author":"Alderson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Staub-Bartelt, F., Rittenauer, J., Sabel, M., and Rapp, M. (2023). Functional Outcome and Overall Survival in Patients with Primary or Secondary CNS Lymphoma after Surgical Resection vs. Biopsy. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15215266"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000156350.49336.E2","article-title":"Neuropsychological outcome after chemotherapy for primary CNS lymphoma: A prospective","volume":"64","author":"Fliessbach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2023.11.010","article-title":"Primary central nervous system lymphomas: EHA\u2013ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"35","author":"Ferreri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aboubakr, O., Houillier, C., Choquet, S., Dupont, S., Hoang-Xuan, K., and Mathon, B. (2023). Epileptic seizures in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: A systematic review. Rev. Neurol., S0035378723011165.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2023.08.021"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649789","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.649789","article-title":"Relapsed Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Current Advances","volume":"11","author":"Tao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.3148","article-title":"Management of primary and secondary CNS lymphoma","volume":"41","author":"Khwaja","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2023.11.003","article-title":"Evidence-based management of primary and secondary CNS lymphoma","volume":"60","author":"Khwaja","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18539","article-title":"Management of secondary central nervous system lymphoma","volume":"200","author":"Cwynarski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nos159","article-title":"Surgery for primary CNS lymphoma? Challenging a paradigm","volume":"14","author":"Weller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-016-2358-8","article-title":"The safety of resection for primary central nervous system lymphoma: A single institution retrospective analysis","volume":"132","author":"Cloney","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neuro-Oncol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac196","article-title":"European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) guidelines for treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL)","volume":"25","author":"Deckert","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e247607","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-247607","article-title":"Two secondary localisation of non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphomas in the upper gastrointestinal tract","volume":"15","author":"Calomino","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.106211","article-title":"Seizures and epilepsy in oncological practice: Causes, course, mechanisms and treatment","volume":"78","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, X., Xu, X., Lin, D., Zhang, X., Yu, L., Sheng, H., Yin, B., Zhang, N., and Lin, J. (2020). Real-World Impact of Surgical Excision on Overall Survival in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma. Front. Oncol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00131"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, S., Wang, J., Liu, W., Hu, F., Zhao, K., Jiang, W., Lei, T., and Shu, K. (2021). The role of surgical resection in primary central nervous system lymphoma: A single-center retrospective analysis of 70 patients. BMC Neurol., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02227-3"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.04.049","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics, Surgical Outcomes, and Prognostic Factors of Intracranial Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma","volume":"139","author":"Ouyang","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.9.JNS201980","article-title":"Resection of primary central nervous system lymphoma: Impact of patient selection on overall survival","volume":"135","author":"Schellekes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03821-9","article-title":"Primary central nervous system lymphoma in China: A single-center retrospective analysis of 167 cases","volume":"99","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20180002","article-title":"The role of surgery in primary central nervous system lymphomas","volume":"76","author":"Villalonga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatria"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00928","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.928","article-title":"Evaluation of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group prognostic scoring systems to predict Overall Survival in intracranial Primary CNS lymphoma","volume":"8","author":"Jahr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav."}],"container-title":["Current Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/31\/11\/491\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:20:18Z","timestamp":1760113218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/31\/11\/491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["curroncol31110491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/curroncol31110491","relation":{},"ISSN":["1718-7729"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1718-7729"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]}}}