{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T03:41:07Z","timestamp":1771472467884,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: This study aimed to compare long-term patient-reported outcomes in bowel and urinary domains between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) for localized prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: Patients with clinical T1\u2013T2 prostate cancer receiving IMRT or IMPT at a tertiary cancer center from 2015\u20132018 were analyzed to determine the changes in the prospectively collected bowel function (BF), urinary irritative\/obstructive symptoms (UO), and urinary incontinence (UI) domains of EPIC-26. The mean changes in EPIC-26 scores were evaluated from pretreatment to 24 months post-radiotherapy for each modality. A score change &gt;50% of the baseline standard deviation was considered a clinically meaningful change. Results: A total of 82 patients treated with IMRT (52.2%) and 56 patients treated with IMPT (53.3%) completed the questionnaire at baseline and 24 months post-RT. There were no baseline differences in domain scores between treatment modalities. At 24 months post-radiotherapy, there was a significant and clinically meaningful decline in the BF mean score in the IMRT cohort (\u22124.52 (range \u221250, 29.17), p = 0.003), whereas the decline in BF score did not reach clinical relevance or significance (\u22121.88 (range \u221237.5, 50), p = 0.046) when accounting for the Bonferroni adjustment in the IMPT cohort. A higher proportion of patients treated with IMRT had a clinically relevant reduction in BF when compared with IMPT (47.37% vs. 25.93%, p = 0.017). The mean changes in the UI and UO scores of the IMRT and IMPT cohorts were neither statically significant nor clinically relevant. Conclusions: IMPT leads to a smaller decrease in BF than IMRT at 24 months post-RT, while there was no differential effect on UO and UI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol32040212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T07:47:44Z","timestamp":1743580064000},"page":"212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long-Term Patient-Reported Bowel and Urinary Quality of Life in Patients Treated with Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Versus Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8130-8327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly R.","family":"Gergelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3786-5326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miao","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operations and Information Management, University of Connecticut, 352 Mansfield Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiasen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Routman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley J.","family":"Stish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8288-1096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian J.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4875-2061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Pisansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Whitaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Physics, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Choo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606221","article-title":"Patient-Reported Outcomes after Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer","volume":"375","author":"Donovan","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. 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