{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:26:11Z","timestamp":1760059571633,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The impact of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) on outcomes in real-world patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains uncertain. Methods: Consecutive patients with LARC (stage II\/III) undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiation before curative-intent surgery from 2005 to 2013 were identified in the Canadian Health Outcomes Research Database. The impact of AC on clinical outcomes, including disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), was evaluated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: A total of 1448 patients had sufficient data available to be included for analysis with 1085 (74.9%) receiving AC. Of AC patients, 40.5% received oxaliplatin-based treatments. With a median follow-up of 66.43 months, the 5-year DFS rate was 67.7% (95% CI: 64.5\u201370.1%) vs. 58.7% (95% CI: 52.8\u201364.2%) in the AC group and non-AC group, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). The 5-year OS rate of the whole cohort was 74.3% (95% CI: 71.5\u201376.85%) while the 5-year OS rate of the AC group was 77.8% (95% CI: 74.7\u201380.6%) compared with 63.8% (95% CI: 57.9\u201369.2%) for the non-AC group (p &lt; 0.001). On multivariate analysis, patients who received AC had improved DFS (HR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.49\u20130.73, p &lt; 0.001) and OS (HR 0.46, 95% CI: 0.36\u20130.58, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: This large multi-institutional database analysis supports the use of AC in real-world LARC patients treated with nCRT followed by surgical resection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol32070371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T05:53:13Z","timestamp":1750917193000},"page":"371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Impact of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Clinical Outcomes in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A CHORD Consortium Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2873-1853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaveh","family":"Farrokhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6886-6562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Horia","family":"Marginean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Al Ghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Essa","family":"Al Mansor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaan","family":"Dudani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON L6R 3J7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy R.","family":"Asmis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John\u2019s, Newfoundland and Labrador, NL A1B 3X5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1497-8539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arthur J.E. Child Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0913-6046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Lee-Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arthur J.E. Child Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Vickers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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