{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:34:30Z","timestamp":1760060070319,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["20K09485","20K18006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K09485","20K18006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cryotherapy could stimulate immune responses and induce abscopal effects. A novel technique was developed for treating spinal bone tumors involving the use of frozen tumor-containing autologous bone grafts for anterior spinal reconstruction following total en-bloc spondylectomy, with the aim of activating cryoimmunity. This study focused on analyzing changes in the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire after surgery to evaluate T-cell diversity. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-operatively, with subsequent RNA extraction and immunosequencing. Compared to pre-surgery samples, the diversity and abundance of the Complementarity-Determining Region 3, regions of the TCR \u03b1 and \u03b2 chains decreased, suggesting that more selective clones may have emerged and influenced immune responses. Through TCR repertoire analysis, this study demonstrated that transplantation of frozen tumor-containing autologous bone impacted the immune system. This study is expected to provide a foundation for developing treatments that may enhance immune activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol32080432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T16:41:54Z","timestamp":1754325714000},"page":"432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immunologic Alteration After Total En-Bloc Spondylectomy with Anterior Spinal Column Reconstruction with Frozen Tumor-Containing Bone Autologous Grafts: A Case Report in a Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3438-9814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hisaki","family":"Aiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5904-9437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryu","family":"Terauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0297-6045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenji","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Yagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoka","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Toyohashi Medical Center, 50 Hamamichiue, Iimura-cho, Toyohashi 444-0836, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Suenaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayano","family":"Aso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica III a Prevalente Indirizzo Oncologico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4504-2867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Costantino","family":"Errani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica III a Prevalente Indirizzo Oncologico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0515-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-124-31817","article-title":"Cryo-Immunology: A Method of Immunization to Autologous Tissue","volume":"124","author":"Shulman","year":"1967","journal-title":"Proc. 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