{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T06:02:58Z","timestamp":1772344978630,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Merck","award":["10.13039\/10000994"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.13039\/10000994"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study describes treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) in the US following the approval of avelumab for first-line maintenance treatment. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used deidentified patient data from the Tempus database. Eligible patients had completed first-line systemic anticancer treatment for aUC between July 2020 and March 2023. Results: In total, 974 eligible patients were identified; most (72%) were male. Median age at diagnosis was 70 years. Among patients who completed first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (644 [66%]), 574 (89%) had no evidence of disease progression. Of 219 patients who received first-line maintenance, 135 (62%) received avelumab. Median (95% CI) overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) from avelumab maintenance start were 14.9 months (13.1\u2014not estimable [NE) and 6.4 months (4.6\u2014NE), respectively. Enfortumab vedotin (EV) was the most common second-line treatment after avelumab (70%). Median (95% CI) OS and PFS from second-line EV start were 11.6 months (6.1\u2014NE) and 6.6 months (4.1\u2014NE), respectively. Conclusions: Results provide insights into the impact of avelumab first-line maintenance treatment in patients with aUC in the US. Effectiveness data are consistent with previous findings, supporting the use of avelumab maintenance in patients without disease progression following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Second-line EV after progression on avelumab maintenance had similar effectiveness to results from other real-world studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol33030138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T15:52:38Z","timestamp":1772207558000},"page":"138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Outcomes with Avelumab Maintenance Treatment for Advanced Urothelial Cancer in a US Patient Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7471-9542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth","family":"Carson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Arkus Professional Building, 676 N. St. Clair St., Suite 850, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Hamidreza","family":"Mahmoudpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Healthcare KGaA, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiemeka","family":"Ike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMD Serono, Inc., 200 Pier 4 Blvd., Boston, MA 02210, USA, an affiliate of Merck KGaA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Monzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tempus AI, Inc., 600 W Chicago Ave., Suite 510, Chicago, IL 60654, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5960-8921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stamatina","family":"Fragkogianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tempus AI, Inc., 600 W Chicago Ave., Suite 510, Chicago, IL 60654, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mairead","family":"Kearney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Healthcare KGaA, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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