{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T05:47:47Z","timestamp":1782452867400,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains characterized by high relapse rates despite advances in induction and consolidation therapy. Relapse prevention represents a major unmet need, particularly in patients ineligible for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) or at high risk of post-transplant recurrence. This review examines current evidence supporting maintenance strategies following intensive chemotherapy or allo-HSCT, with emphasis on measurable residual disease (MRD)-guided approaches and targeted therapies. We summarize data from randomized and phase II\/III trials evaluating hypomethylating agents, FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, and immunotherapeutic strategies in post-remission settings. Oral azacitidine (CC-486) demonstrated overall survival benefit in older patients in first complete remission who were not transplant candidates, establishing a standard of care in this population. In FLT3-mutated AML, post-transplant maintenance with sorafenib and gilteritinib reduces relapse risk, with emerging evidence supporting MRD as a predictive biomarker for benefit. Other targeted agents and immunotherapies have shown promising early-phase results, although confirmatory data are limited. Ongoing phase III studies will clarify optimal patient selection, treatment duration, and integration with transplantation, aiming to transform post-remission management from passive surveillance to precision-based relapse prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol33060369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:04:04Z","timestamp":1781874244000},"page":"369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maintenance Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Current Perspectives and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Pilar","family":"Velarde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa","family":"Aloufi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00108-3","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukaemia","volume":"401","author":"DiNardo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. 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