{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T11:20:07Z","timestamp":1778498407184,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatopathology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Proliferating trichilemmal tumours (PTT) are defined by a benign squamous cell proliferation inside a trichilemmal cystic (TC) cavity. A possible explanation of this proliferative phenomenon within the cyst may be molecular alterations in genes associated to cell proliferation, which can be induced by ultraviolet radiation. Among other genes, alterations on TP53 and DNA mismatch repair proteins (MMR) may be involved in the cellular proliferation observed in PTT. Based on this assumption, but also taking into account the close relationship between the sebaceous ducts and the external root sheath where TC develop, a MMR, a p53 expression assessment and a TP53 study were performed in a series of 5 PTT cases, including a giant one. We failed to demonstrate a MMR disorder on studied PTT, but we agree with previous results suggesting increased p53 expression in these tumours, particularly in proliferative areas. TP53 alteration was confirmed with FISH technique, demonstrating TP53 deletion in most cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dermatopathology8020021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T22:02:23Z","timestamp":1621980143000},"page":"147-158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["TP53 Abnormalities and MMR Preservation in 5 Cases of Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumours"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Raquel","family":"Mart\u00edn-Sanz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0582-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Sayagu\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Garc\u00eda-Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Surgery Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikel","family":"Azcue-Mayorga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Hospital Jos\u00e9 Molina Orosa, 35500 Arrecife, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Parra-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda \u00c1ngeles","family":"Pacios-Pacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7174-8487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enric","family":"Piqu\u00e9-Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Jos\u00e9 Molina Orosa, 35500 Arrecife, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2667-5332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Feito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Human Anatomy and Histology Department, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1969.01610230036008","article-title":"\u201cSebaceous cysts\u201d are trichilemmal cysts","volume":"99","author":"Pinkus","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14808","article-title":"Cutaneous cysts: A clinicopathologic analysis of 2438 cases","volume":"59","author":"Kamyab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1977.tb01533.x","article-title":"Hereditary trichilemmal cysts. Hereditary pilar cysts","volume":"2","author":"Leppard","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1102","article-title":"Proliferating trichilemmal tumors: A review of the literature","volume":"33","author":"Satyaprakash","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1966.01600250017002","article-title":"Proliferating epidermoid cysts","volume":"94","author":"Jones","year":"1966","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1999.00747.x","article-title":"\u2018Benign\u2019 proliferating trichilemmal tumour: Does it really exist?","volume":"35","author":"Noto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1309\/0XLEGFQ64XYJU4G6","article-title":"Proliferating pilar tumors: A clinicopathologic study of 76 cases with a proposal for definition of benign and malignant variants","volume":"122","author":"Ye","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.1983.tb00324.x","article-title":"Proliferating trichilemmal cyst","volume":"10","author":"Baptista","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdpdd.ijdpdd_54_19","article-title":"Malignant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor: A Rare Adnexal Neoplasm","volume":"7","author":"Bhavya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatopathol. Diagn. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199710000-00109","article-title":"Malignant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor Showing Distant Metastases","volume":"19","author":"Park","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.1995.tb00754.x","article-title":"Proliferating epithelial cysts. Clinicopathological analysis of 96 cases","volume":"22","author":"Sau","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(98)90234-9","article-title":"A trichilemmal carcinoma arising from a proliferating trichilemmal cyst: The loss of the wild-type p53 is a critical event in malignant transformation","volume":"29","author":"Takata","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"224460","article-title":"Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumour","volume":"2018","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"S28","article-title":"Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors with CD34 expression","volume":"93","author":"Chaichamnan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Med. Assoc. Thail."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.4103\/ijt.ijt_112_19","article-title":"Proliferating Trichilemmal Cysts: A Clinicopathological Study of 14 Cases","volume":"11","author":"Orlandi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Trichol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200208000-00011","article-title":"Carcinoma arising in a proliferating trichilemmal cyst expresses fetal and trichilemmal hair phenotype","volume":"24","author":"Haas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555574361363","article-title":"A DNA-flow cytometric analysis of trichilemmal carcinoma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst and trichilemmal cyst","volume":"74","author":"Hashimoto","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Dermato-Venereol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12340190","article-title":"Low Frequency of loss and heterozygosity at the nevoid basal cell carcinoma locus and other selected loci in appendageal tumors","volume":"106","author":"Takata","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2001.01149.x","article-title":"Proliferating trichilemmal tumor: p53 immunoreactivity in association with p27Kip1 over-expression indicates a low-grade carcinoma profile","volume":"38","author":"Casalots","year":"2001","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2019.04.015","article-title":"A Monoallelic Two-Hit Mechanism in PLCD1 Explains the Genetic Pathogenesis of Hereditary Trichilemmal Cyst Formation","volume":"139","author":"Marrakchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6035","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62959-z","article-title":"Hereditary Trichilemmal Cysts are Caused by Two Hits to the Same Copy of the Phospholipase C Delta 1 Gene (PLCD1)","volume":"10","author":"Kolodney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1992.tb00432.x","article-title":"Malignant change in trichilemmal cysts: A study of cell proliferation and DNA content","volume":"21","author":"Rutty","year":"1992","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1998.00549.x","article-title":"Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumours: An histopathological and immunohistochemical study of three cases with DNA ploidy and morphometric evaluation","volume":"33","author":"Herrero","year":"1998","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"5248","article-title":"A National Cancer Institute Workshop on Microsatellite Instability for cancer detection and familial predisposition: Development of international criteria for the determination of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer","volume":"58","author":"Boland","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.13088","article-title":"Identification of lynch syndrome among patients with colorectal cancer","volume":"308","author":"Moreira","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13030","DOI":"10.5070\/D32311037239","article-title":"Lynch Syndrome and Muir-Torre Syndrome: An update and review on the genetics, epidemiology, and management of two related disorders","volume":"23","author":"Le","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2004.01.006","article-title":"DNA mismatch repair and the significance of a sebaceous skin tumor for visceral cancer prevention","volume":"10","author":"Kruse","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Post, T.W. (2020). Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer): Clinical manifestations and diagnosis. UpToDate, UpToDate. Available online: https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/lynch-syndrome-hereditary-nonpolyposis-colorectal-cancer-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.1217","article-title":"Screening for germline mismatch repair mutations following diagnosis of sebaceous neoplasm","volume":"150","author":"Everett","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2014.10.002","article-title":"Sebaceous neoplasms and the immunoprofile of mismatch-repair proteins as a screening target for syndromic cases","volume":"211","author":"Boennelycke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s10689-015-9782-3","article-title":"Defective DNA mismatch repair activity is common in sebaceous neoplasms, and may be an ineffective approach to screen for Lynch syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Lamba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fam. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyy055","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characteristics of DNA mismatch repair protein-deficient sebaceous neoplasms and keratoacanthomas in a Japanese hospital-based population","volume":"48","author":"Kuwabara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12949","article-title":"Family with MSH2 mutation presenting with keratoacanthoma and precancerous skin lesions","volume":"42","author":"Hatta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200108000-00006","article-title":"Alterations of mismatch repair protein expression in benign melanocytic nevi, melanocytic dysplastic nevi, and cutaneous malignant melanomas","volume":"23","author":"Hussein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09550.x","article-title":"Expression of DNA mismatch repair proteins and MSH2 polymorphisms in nonmelanoma skin cancers of organ transplant recipients","volume":"162","author":"Perrett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30568","article-title":"Mapping of hereditary trichilemmal cyst(TRICY1)to chromosome 3p24-p21.2 and exclusion of \u03b2-CATENIN and MLH1","volume":"133A","author":"Eiberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. Part A"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cilona, M., Locatello, L.G., Novelli, L., and Gallo, O. (2020). The mismatch repair system (MMR) in head and neck carcinogenesis and its role in modulating the response to immunotherapy: A critical review. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12103006"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"208","article-title":"Ultraviolet Damage, DNA Repair and Vitamin D in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer and in Malignant Melanoma","volume":"810","author":"Reichrath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2020.188438","article-title":"P53 in skin cancer: From a master player to a privileged target for prevention and therapy","volume":"1874","author":"Loureiro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta BBA Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.26218","article-title":"Mismatch repair protein loss in cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"122","author":"Vasan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.main.2013.02.002","article-title":"Localisation inhabituelle pulpaire d\u2019un kyste trichilemmal prolif\u00e9rant","volume":"32","author":"Beaulieu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chir. Main"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181dbc48e","article-title":"Huge proliferating trichilemmal tumors of the scalp: Report of six cases","volume":"126","author":"Makiese","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200004000-00018","article-title":"Proliferating trichilemmal cyst with focal invasion","volume":"22","author":"Aguilar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.86488","article-title":"Posttraumatic giant proliferating trichilemmal cysts on the parietal region of the scalp","volume":"77","author":"Erdem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2013.40.4.461","article-title":"Giant proliferating trichilemmal tumor","volume":"40","author":"Abdelhamid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2014.18.195.4354","article-title":"Giant proliferating trichilemmal cyst","volume":"18","author":"Mohamed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pan Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.4081\/cp.2019.1172","article-title":"Giant aggressive forehead tumor: A 15-year follow-up","volume":"9","author":"Challita","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05659","article-title":"Scratching the surface of skin development","volume":"445","author":"Fuchs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.3727\/096368916X691989","article-title":"Expansion of hair follicle stem cells sticking to isolated sebaceous glands to generate in vivo epidermal structures","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.1991.tb00142.x","article-title":"Proliferating trichilemmal cyst with apocrine-acrosyringeal and sebaceous differentiation","volume":"18","author":"Sakamoto","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1990.tb01663.x","article-title":"Proliferating trichilemmal tumor with apocrine sweat glands","volume":"17","author":"Dekio","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12951","article-title":"Giant proliferating trichilemmal cyst arising from a nevus sebaceus growing for 30 years","volume":"44","author":"Lindsey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920275","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/920275","article-title":"Involvement of p53 mutation and mismatch repair proteins dysregulation in NNK-induced malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells","volume":"2014","author":"Shen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"1508","article-title":"P53 modulates the effect of loss of DNA mis-match repair on the sensitivity of human colon cancer cells to the cytotoxic and and mutagenic effects of cisplatin","volume":"61","author":"Lin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280100445","article-title":"Reduced human mismatch repair protein expression in the development of precancerous skin lesions to squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"439","author":"Liang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2004.09.012","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system proteins (hMLH1, hMSH2) in cervical preinvasive and invasive lesions","volume":"201","author":"Ciavattini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"59","article-title":"Evidence that dysregulated DNA mismatch repair characterizes human nonmelanoma skin cancer","volume":"158","author":"Young","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31815b0cc2","article-title":"Site and tumor type predicts DNA mismatch repair status in cutaneous sebaceous neoplasia","volume":"32","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04008-y","article-title":"Cell of origin and mutation pattern define three clinically distinct classes of sebaceous carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"North","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campos, M.A., Macedo, S., Fernandes, M.S., Pestana, A., Pardal, J., Batista, R., Vinagre, J., Sanches, A., Baptista, A., and Lopes, J.M. (2020). Prognostic significance of RAS mutations and P53 expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. Genes, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11070751"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.11.112","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies against specific p53 hotspot mutants as potential tools for precision medicine","volume":"22","author":"Hwang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607149","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.607149","article-title":"Mutant p53 as a regulator and target of autophagy","volume":"10","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-46227-7_9","article-title":"Molecular biology of basal and squamous cell carcinomas","volume":"1268","author":"Boeckmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18338","article-title":"The clinical course of actinic keratosis correlates with underlying molecular mechanisms","volume":"182","author":"Bakshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-020-02104-y","article-title":"P53 staining index and zonal staining patterns in actinic keratoses","volume":"313","author":"Javor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-46227-7_15","article-title":"Crosstalk between vitamin D and p53 signaling in cancer: An update","volume":"1268","author":"Reichrath","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.053","article-title":"Pathobiology of actinic keratosis: Ultraviolet-dependent keratinocyte proliferation","volume":"68","author":"Berman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64910","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11912","article-title":"Immunohistochemical correlates of TP53 somatic mutations in cancer","volume":"7","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2020.11709","article-title":"Association between TP53 gene deletion and protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its prognostic significance","volume":"20","author":"Niyaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e320","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.143214","article-title":"Immunohistochemical pattern of p53 is a measure of TP53 mutation burden and adverse clinical outcome in myelodysplastic syndromes and secondary acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"101","author":"McGraw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06649.x","article-title":"Aberrant nuclear p53 protein expression detected by immunohistochemistry is associated with hemizygous P53 deletion and poor survival for multiple myeloma","volume":"138","author":"Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPHC85DGAXZDBE","article-title":"p53 Nuclear Expression Correlates with Hemizygous TP53 Deletion and Predicts an Adverse Outcome for Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Treated with Lenalidomide","volume":"137","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flynt, E., Bisht, K., Sridharan, V., Ortiz, M., Towfic, F., and Thakurta, A. (2020). Prognosis, Biology, and Targeting of TP53 Dysregulation in Multiple Myeloma. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9020287"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.2174\/1389202918666170307161643","article-title":"Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X","volume":"18","author":"Zetner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Genom."}],"container-title":["Dermatopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2296-3529\/8\/2\/21\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:07:15Z","timestamp":1760162835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2296-3529\/8\/2\/21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["dermatopathology8020021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/dermatopathology8020021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-3529"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-3529","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]}}}