{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:01:14Z","timestamp":1790413274816,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatopathology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cutaneous melanomas are exceptional in children and represent a variety of clinical situations, each with a different prognosis. In congenital nevi, the risk of transformation is correlated with the size of the nevus. The most frequent type is lateral transformation, extremely rare before puberty, reminiscent of a superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) ex-nevus. Deep nodular transformation is much rarer, can occur before puberty, and must be distinguished from benign proliferative nodules. Superficial spreading melanoma can also arise within small nevi, which were not visible at birth, usually after puberty, and can reveal a cancer predisposition syndrome (CDKN2A or CDK4 germline mutations). Prognosis is correlated with classical histoprognostic features (mainly Breslow thickness). Spitz tumors are frequent in adolescents and encompass benign (Spitz nevus), intermediate (atypical Spitz tumor), and malignant forms (malignant Spitz tumor). The whole spectrum is characterized by specific morphology with spindled and epithelioid cells, genetic features, and an overall favorable outcome even if a regional lymph node is involved. Nevoid melanomas are rare and difficult to diagnose clinically and histologically. They can arise in late adolescence. Their prognosis is currently not very well ascertained. A small group of melanomas remains unclassified after histological and molecular assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dermatopathology8030036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T21:46:44Z","timestamp":1627854404000},"page":"301-314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cutaneous Melanomas Arising during Childhood: An Overview of the Main Entities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2251-8241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnaud","family":"de la Fouchardi\u00e8re","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopathology, Center L\u00e9on B\u00e9rard, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Equipe Labellis\u00e9e Ligue Contre le Cancer, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9061-7175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Boivin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopathology, Center L\u00e9on B\u00e9rard, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Equipe Labellis\u00e9e Ligue Contre le Cancer, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0201-3799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather C.","family":"Etchevers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marseille Medical Genetics, Institut MarMaRa, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, U1251, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9882-2162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Macagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopathology, Center L\u00e9on B\u00e9rard, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Marseille Medical Genetics, Institut MarMaRa, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, U1251, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, APHM, Timone University Hospital, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.11.922","article-title":"Sun damage in ultraviolet photographs correlates with phenotypic melanoma risk factors in 12-year-old children","volume":"67","author":"Gamble","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17833","article-title":"High naevus count and MC1R red hair alleles contribute synergistically to increased melanoma risk","volume":"181","author":"Duffy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.07.020","article-title":"Congenital melanocytic nevi: Clinical and histopathologic features, risk of melanoma, and clinical management","volume":"52","author":"Tannous","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1502583","article-title":"The Genetic Evolution of Melanoma from Precursor Lesions","volume":"373","author":"Shain","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Elder, D.E., Massi, D., Scolyer, R.A., and Willemze, R. (2018). WHO Classification of Skin Tumours, International Agency for Research on Cancer."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pappo, A.S., McPherson, V., Pan, H., Wang, F., Wang, L., Wright, T., Hussong, M., Hawkins, D., Kaste, S.C., and Davidoff, A.M. (2021). A prospective, comprehensive registry that integrates the molecular analysis of pediatric and adolescent melanocytic lesions. Cancer.","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33750"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45704","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45704","article-title":"Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations of TERT Are Associated with Inferior Outcome in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients with Melanoma","volume":"7","author":"Seynnaeve","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26792","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26792","article-title":"Pathology and genomics of pediatric melanoma: A critical reexamination and new insights","volume":"65","author":"Bahrami","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12884","article-title":"Novel three-way complex rearrangement of TRPM1-PUM1-LCK in a case of agminated Spitz nevi arising in a giant congenital hyperpigmented macule","volume":"33","author":"Goto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pigment. Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3116","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4116","article-title":"Kinase fusions are frequent in Spitz tumours and spitzoid melanomas","volume":"5","author":"Wiesner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001235","article-title":"Filigree-like Rete Ridges, Lobulated Nests, Rosette-like Structures, and Exaggerated Maturation Characterize Spitz Tumors With NTRK1 Fusion","volume":"43","author":"Yeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000761","article-title":"A Comparison of Morphologic and Molecular Features of BRAF, ALK, and NTRK1 Fusion Spitzoid Neoplasms","volume":"41","author":"Amin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64609-3","article-title":"Mutations and copy number increase of HRAS in Spitz nevi with distinctive histopathological features","volume":"157","author":"Bastian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001499","article-title":"Spitz Tumors With ROS1 Fusions: A Clinicopathological Study of 6 Cases, Including FISH for Chromosomal Copy Number Alterations and Mutation Analysis Using Next-Generation Sequencing","volume":"42","author":"Donati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-020-00658-w","article-title":"Clinical, morphologic, and genomic findings in ROS1 fusion Spitz neoplasms","volume":"34","author":"Gerami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goto, K., Pissaloux, D., Kauer, F., Huriet, V., Tirode, F., and de la Fouchardi\u00e8re, A. (2021). GOPC-ROS1 mosaicism in agminated Spitz naevi: Report of two cases. Virchows Arch.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-020-02992-5"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3182498be5","article-title":"A distinct subset of atypical Spitz tumors is characterized by BRAF mutation and loss of BAP1 expression","volume":"36","author":"Wiesner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000387","article-title":"Clinical, histopathologic, and genomic features of Spitz tumors with ALK fusions","volume":"39","author":"Yeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001632","article-title":"A Clinicopathological Study of 29 Spitzoid Melanocytic Lesions With ALK Fusions, Including Novel Fusion Variants, Accompanied by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Analysis for Chromosomal Copy Number Changes, and Both TERT Promoter and Next-Generation Sequencing Mutation Analysis","volume":"42","author":"Kastnerova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-020-00678-6","article-title":"Fusion partners of NTRK3 affect subcellular localization of the fusion kinase and cytomorphology of melanocytes","volume":"34","author":"Tee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4775","article-title":"NTRK3 kinase fusions in Spitz tumours","volume":"240","author":"Yeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goto, K., Pissaloux, D., Tirode, F., and de la Fouchardi\u00e8re, A. (2021). Spitz nevus with a novel TFG-NTRK2 fusion: The first case report of NTRK2-rearranged Spitz\/Reed nevus. J. Cutan. Pathol.","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.14062"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001362","article-title":"Pathologic Characteristics of Spitz Melanoma With MAP3K8 Fusion or Truncation in a Pediatric Cohort","volume":"43","author":"Newman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2019.12.031","article-title":"Integrating Next Generation Sequencing with Morphology Improves Prognostic and Biologic Classification of Spitz Neoplasms","volume":"140","author":"Quan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001213","article-title":"Activating Structural Alterations in MAPK Genes Are Distinct Genetic Drivers in a Unique Subgroup of Spitzoid Neoplasms","volume":"43","author":"Quan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0384-8","article-title":"Melanocytic tumors with MAP3K8 fusions: Report of 33 cases with morphological-genetic correlations","volume":"33","author":"Houlier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001502","article-title":"Polypoid Atypical Spitz Tumor With a Fibrosclerotic Stroma, CLIP2-BRAF Fusion, and Homozygous Loss of 9p21","volume":"42","author":"Donati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-017-2290-0","article-title":"Unclassified sclerosing malignant melanomas with AKAP9-BRAF gene fusion: A report of two cases and review of BRAF fusions in melanocytic tumors","volume":"472","author":"Perron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2016.37","article-title":"The landscape of fusion transcripts in spitzoid melanoma and biologically indeterminate spitzoid tumors by RNA sequencing","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001074","article-title":"Genomic Fusions in Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus of Reed","volume":"42","author":"VandenBoom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7174","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8174","article-title":"Activating MET kinase rearrangements in melanoma and Spitz tumours","volume":"6","author":"Yeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001840","article-title":"MAP2K1-Mutated Melanocytic Neoplasms With a SPARK-Like Morphology","volume":"43","author":"Donati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17450","article-title":"Clinical features and outcomes of spitzoid proliferations in children and adolescents","volume":"181","author":"Bartenstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e178","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70608-9","article-title":"Atypical Spitz tumours and sentinel lymph node biopsy: A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Lallas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22584","article-title":"Influence of age on survival in childhood spitzoid melanomas","volume":"109","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11200","DOI":"10.1038\/srep11200","article-title":"TERT Promoter Mutations Are Predictive of Aggressive Clinical Behavior in Patients with Spitzoid Melanocytic Neoplasms","volume":"5","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14320","article-title":"A sixteen-year single-center retrospective chart review of Spitz nevi and spitzoid neoplasms in pediatric patients","volume":"37","author":"Davies","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0445-z","article-title":"Spitz melanoma is a distinct subset of spitzoid melanoma","volume":"33","author":"Raghavan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2010.01199.x","article-title":"Satellite lesions in congenital melanocytic nevi\u2014Time for a change of name","volume":"28","author":"Kinsler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.70","article-title":"Multiple congenital melanocytic nevi and neurocutaneous melanosis are caused by postzygotic mutations in codon 61 of NRAS","volume":"133","author":"Kinsler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18106","article-title":"Does the gene matter? Genotype-phenotype and genotype-outcome associations in congenital melanocytic naevi","volume":"182","author":"Polubothu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.07.045","article-title":"Genetic Abnormalities in Large to Giant Congenital Nevi: Beyond NRAS Mutations","volume":"139","author":"Dabad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12785","article-title":"Malignant melanoma with areas of rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation arising in a giant congenital nevus with RAF1 gene fusion","volume":"32","author":"Baltres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pigment. Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15301","article-title":"Melanoma in congenital melanocytic naevi","volume":"176","author":"Kinsler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00954.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of congenital pigmented naevi: I. Incidence rates and relative frequencies","volume":"104","author":"Castilla","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.5858\/2009-0503-RA.1","article-title":"Melanoma in children","volume":"135","author":"Paradela","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.039","article-title":"Large congenital melanocytic nevi: Therapeutic management and melanoma risk: A systematic review","volume":"68","author":"Martin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000351","article-title":"A comparative study of proliferative nodules and lethal melanomas in congenital nevi from children","volume":"39","author":"Arva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2010.04.004","article-title":"Congenital melanocytic nevi\u2014When to worry and how to treat: Facts and controversies","volume":"28","author":"Price","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000769","article-title":"Reduced H3K27me3 Expression Is Common in Nodular Melanomas of Childhood Associated With Congenital Melanocytic Nevi But Not in Proliferative Nodules","volume":"41","author":"Busam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.07.033","article-title":"Loss of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is an epigenetic hallmark of melanoma","volume":"150","author":"Lian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.07.015","article-title":"5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Expression in Proliferative Nodules Arising within Congenital Nevi Allows Differentiation from Malignant Melanoma","volume":"136","author":"Pavlova","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2049","article-title":"Malignant Melanoma Arising in Patients with a Large Congenital Melanocytic Naevus: Retrospective Study of 10 Cases with Cytogenetic Analysis","volume":"95","author":"Lacoste","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10502.x","article-title":"Nodular lesions arising in a large congenital melanocytic naevus in a newborn with eruptive disseminated Spitz naevi","volume":"165","author":"Bastian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001026","article-title":"Reduced H3K27me3 Expression is Common in Nodular Melanomas of Childhood Associated With Congenital Melanocytic Nevi But Not in Proliferative Nodules","volume":"42","author":"Macagno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.12.018","article-title":"Unusual cases: Melanomatosis and nephroblastomatosis treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy","volume":"47","author":"Green","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181238cd2","article-title":"Metastatic peritoneal neurocutaneous melanocytosis","volume":"32","author":"Cajaiba","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.61.4.0782","article-title":"Neurocutaneous melanosis with extensive intracerebral and spinal cord involvement. Report of two cases","volume":"61","author":"Faillace","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04275.x","article-title":"Spectrum of central nervous system abnormalities in neurocutaneous melanocytosis","volume":"54","author":"Ramaswamy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19931001)72:7<2277::AID-CNCR2820720736>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Nevomelanocytic proliferations in the central nervous system of children","volume":"72","author":"Chou","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0560.2003.00123.x","article-title":"Metastatic nevoid melanoma in a 4 1\/2-year-old child","volume":"30","author":"Cassarino","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12996","article-title":"Amelanotic naevoid melanoma in a 16-month-old albino infant","volume":"42","author":"Saus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13531","article-title":"\u201cPuffy shirt appearance\u201d: Cell crowding at low magnification may represent nevoid melanoma","volume":"46","author":"Moyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.07.003","article-title":"Nevoid melanoma: A study of 43 cases with emphasis on growth pattern","volume":"73","author":"Idriss","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2006.043802","article-title":"Features associated with germline CDKN2A mutations: A GenoMEL study of melanoma-prone families from three continents","volume":"44","author":"Goldstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casula, M., Paliogiannis, P., Ayala, F., De Giorgi, V., Stanganelli, I., Mandal\u00e0, M., Colombino, M., Manca, A., Sini, M.C., and Carac\u00f2, C. (2019). Germline and somatic mutations in patients with multiple primary melanomas: A next generation sequencing study. BMC Cancer, 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5984-7"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2016-104402","article-title":"Germline CDKN2A\/P16INK4A mutations contribute to genetic determinism of sarcoma","volume":"54","author":"Jouenne","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.2350\/13-09-1380-CR.1","article-title":"Spitzoid melanoma in a child with Li-Fraumeni syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Kollipara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dev. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2017.08.013","article-title":"Atypical cutaneous melanocytic tumours arising in two patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome","volume":"49","author":"Jacquemus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13804","article-title":"Malignant transformation of neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) following immunosuppression","volume":"36","author":"Schaff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S269446","article-title":"Use of Immunomodulating Drugs and Risk of Cutaneous Melanoma: A Nationwide Nested Case-Control Study","volume":"12","author":"Berge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13011","article-title":"Increasing incidence of melanoma after solid organ transplantation: A retrospective epidemiological study","volume":"30","author":"Fattouh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transpl. Int."}],"container-title":["Dermatopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2296-3529\/8\/3\/36\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:38:42Z","timestamp":1760164722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2296-3529\/8\/3\/36"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["dermatopathology8030036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/dermatopathology8030036","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.740742843.793589573","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2296-3529"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-3529","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]}}}