{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:16:44Z","timestamp":1787318204167,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]],"date-time":"2020-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the case of a 51-year-old patient who underwent the implantation of a bi-ventricular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) complicated by a sub-acute right ventricular minimal perforation with pericardial effusion and echocardiographic signs of tamponade. A new echocardiographic plane orientation allowed us to diagnose this condition in emergency and to make the right decision without delay, which consisting in unscrewing the active fixation screw under fluoroscopy guidance, while the pericardiocentesis was postponed. Thanks to the intervention focused on eliminating the cause of the postcardiac injury syndrome, the patient recovered rapidly and ultimately avoided the pericardiocentesis procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10040191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T13:27:19Z","timestamp":1585661239000},"page":"191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Minimal Cardiac Perforation by Lead Pacemaker Complicated with Pericardial Effusion and Impending Tamponade: Optimal Management with No Pericardiocentesis Driven by Echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7447-575X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Caiati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4775-1085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Pollice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70121 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Cardiology, Civil Hospital \u201cGiovanni Paolo II\u201d, 75025 Policoro (MT), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Truncellito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Cardiology, Civil Hospital \u201cGiovanni Paolo II\u201d, 75025 Policoro (MT), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario Erminio","family":"Lepera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Favale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joa.2016.05.005","article-title":"Identification and management of right ventricular perforation using pacemaker and cardioverter-defibrillator leads: A case series and mini review","volume":"33","author":"Akbarzadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Arrhythm."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht511","article-title":"Complications after cardiac implantable electronic device implantations: An analysis of a complete, nationwide cohort in Denmark","volume":"35","author":"Kirkfeldt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2007.00575.x","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of asymptomatic pacemaker and ICD lead perforation on CT","volume":"30","author":"Hirschl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Das, M.M. (2011). Common Pacemaker Problems: Lead and Pocket Complications. Modern Pacemakers. Present and Future, IntechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/556"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.01.043","article-title":"Safety, Efficacy, and Complications of Pericardiocentesis by Real-Time Echo-Monitored Procedure","volume":"117","author":"Maggiolini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2005.07.012","article-title":"Impending cardiac tamponade: A case report highlighting the value of bedside echocardiography","volume":"30","author":"Price","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caiati, C., Pollice, P., Favale, S., and Lepera, M.E. (2019). The Herbicide Glyphosate and Its Apparently Controversial Effect on Human Health: An Updated Clinical Perspective. Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets.","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530319666191015191614"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra022643","article-title":"Acute cardiac tamponade","volume":"349","author":"Spodick","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(18)30899-4","article-title":"An Insight into the Etiology of New Intracardiac Masses (Ghost) after Infected Lead Extraction: A Single-Center Study Performed by Intracardiac Echocardiography","volume":"71","author":"Caiati","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20803","article-title":"Late perforation by cardiac implantable electronic device leads: Clinical presentation, diagnostic clues, and management","volume":"33","author":"Refaat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2006.05.064","article-title":"The attack of the 52 cm lead: An unusual case of late cardiac perforation by a passive-fixation permanent pacemaker lead","volume":"115","author":"Ramirez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2007.00919.x","article-title":"Delayed defibrillator lead perforation: An increasing phenomenon","volume":"31","author":"Satpathy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.04.016","article-title":"Assessment of the Radiation Effects of Cardiac CT Angiography Using Protein and Genetic Biomarkers","volume":"8","author":"Nguyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.06.011","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of cardiac perforation after permanent pacemaker placement","volume":"2","author":"Mahapatra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eun363","article-title":"Subacute cardiac perforations associated with active fixation leads","volume":"11","author":"Sterlinski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2007.00699.x","article-title":"Cardiac tamponade as complication of active-fixation atrial lead perforations: Proposed mechanism and management algorithm","volume":"30","author":"Geyfman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 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Angiol."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/10\/4\/191\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:13:14Z","timestamp":1760173994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/10\/4\/191"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics10040191"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics10040191","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]]}}}