{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:38:35Z","timestamp":1787027915107,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The right azygos lobe is a rare anatomical variant of the upper lung lobe that can be misdiagnosed as a neoplasm, a lung abscess, or a bulla. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of right azygos lobe and to evaluate the ability of postgraduate doctors to correctly identify right azygos lobe. We analyzed a total of 1709 axial thoracic multi-detector computed tomography (CT) images for the presence of an azygos lobe. Additionally, a paper-based survey was distributed among a sample of intern doctors and radiology and surgery residents, asking them to identify the right azygos lobe in a CT image and in an anatomy figure. Results showed that the prevalence of the right azygos lobe in the study sample was 0.88%. Men have more right azygos lobes than women. None of the intern doctors or surgery residents identified the right azygos lobe correctly, whereas more than half (57.1%) of the radiology residents did. Most of the incorrect answers about the CT scan were related to the bronchi (25.0%). The apex of the lung (17.7%) and the superior vena cava (17.7%) were the most common incorrect answers about the anatomy figure. In conclusion, the prevalence of the right azygos lobe in the current study is within the range of previously published literature. More education should be given for the identification of the right azygos lobe during anatomy and clinical teaching.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10070470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T04:46:01Z","timestamp":1594701961000},"page":"470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Azygos Lobe: Prevalence of an Anatomical Variant and Its Recognition among Postgraduate Physicians"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3800-7641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma\u2019a","family":"Al-Mnayyis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zina","family":"Al-Alami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neveen","family":"Altamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2615-1988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled Z.","family":"Alawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelwahab","family":"Aleshawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0720-048X(97)00146-0","article-title":"The azygos lobe: Normal variants that may simulate disease","volume":"27","author":"Caceres","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. 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Surg."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.6.579","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient with an azygos lobe","volume":"52","author":"Sadikot","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21243","article-title":"Azygos lobe in a South African cadaveric population","volume":"25","author":"Rauf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Anat."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-004-8212-7","article-title":"Azygos lobe in endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis","volume":"19","author":"Reisfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00f6ller, T.B., and Reif, E. (2007). Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Volume II: Thorax, Heart, Abdomen and Pelvis, Thieme Medical Publishers. [4th ed.].","DOI":"10.1055\/b-005-148900"},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Leslie, K. (1965). Survey Sampling, John Wiley and Sons Inc.. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"44","article-title":"Recurrent hemoptysis-a complication associated with an azygos lobe","volume":"3","author":"Denega","year":"2015","journal-title":"Southwest Respir. Crit. Care Chron."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"55","article-title":"Prevalence of an azygos lobe using thoracic computed tomography","volume":"1","author":"Duman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cyprus J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-005-0147-y","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumothorax and a coexistent azygos lobe","volume":"53","author":"Asai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/10\/7\/470\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:50:02Z","timestamp":1760176202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/10\/7\/470"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics10070470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics10070470","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]}}}