{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T01:19:36Z","timestamp":1783646376478,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The longitudinal changes in the tibiofibular relationship as the ankle valgus deformity progresses in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) are not well-known. We investigated the longitudinal changes and associating factors in the tibiofibular relationship during the growing period. A total of 33 patients (63 legs) with HME underwent two or more standing full-length anteroposterior radiographs. Based on the change in ankle alignments, thirty-five patients with an increase in tibiotalar angle were grouped into group V, and 28 patients with a decreased angle into group N. In terms of the change in radiographic parameters, significant differences were noted in the tibial length, the fibular\/tibial ratio, and the proximal and distal epiphyseal gap. However, age, sex, initial ankle alignment, location of osteochondroma, and presence of tibiofibular synostosis did not affect the tibiofibular alignment. The tibial growth was relatively greater than the fibular growth and was accompanied by significant relative fibular shortening in the proximal and distal portions. In pediatric patients with HME, age, sex, initial ankle alignment, location of the osteochondroma, and synostosis did not predict the progression of the ankle valgus deformity. However, when valgus angulation progressed, relative fibular shortening was observed as the tibia grew significantly in comparison to the fibula.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10100752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T22:24:42Z","timestamp":1601245482000},"page":"752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Longitudinal Observation of Changes in the Ankle Alignment and Tibiofibular Relationships in Hereditary Multiple Exostoses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0812-4628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Hoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang 10380, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7756-3264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chasanal Mohan","family":"Rathod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, SRCC NH Children\u2019s Hospital, Mumbai 400034, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8063-3742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6328-6948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Sun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3246-8188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Course, University of Melbourne Melbourne Medical School, Melbourne 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8576-1877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Severance Children\u2019s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961060-00003","article-title":"Hereditary multiple exostoses. 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Pediatric Orthop."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/10\/10\/752\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:13:50Z","timestamp":1760177630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/10\/10\/752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics10100752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics10100752","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]}}}