{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:42:27Z","timestamp":1760164947557,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The histological diagnosis of pleural epithelioid mesothelioma can be difficult in the case of rare variants or in the definition of neoplasm origin in patients with previous or concomitant tumours. Currently, several immunohistochemical reactions are available in the surgical pathologist\u2019s armamentarium that allow us to obtain a more sensitive and specific diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma. However, in some cases, the final interpretation remains inconclusive. Historically, ultrastructural examination has represented a useful tool for the definition of the mesothelial nature of neoplastic cells due to their peculiar morphological characteristics. The recent international guidelines for pathological diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma suggest the use of electron microscopy when the immunohistochemical reactions are equivocal or when further support of a diagnosis of mesothelioma is needed. This paper presents three cases of pleural epithelioid mesothelioma whose diagnoses were finally supported by ultrastructural examination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11050841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T10:06:12Z","timestamp":1620381972000},"page":"841","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diagnostic Challenges in Epithelioid Pleural Mesothelioma: Case Series with Support from Electron Microscopy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8954-5888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Fortarezza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mila","family":"Della Barbera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8023-3108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Pezzuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Lunardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Faccioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Thoracic Surgery Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Pasello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Rea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Thoracic Surgery Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiorella","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21572","article-title":"Mesothelioma: Scientific clues for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"69","author":"Carbone","year":"2019","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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