{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T11:24:55Z","timestamp":1779103495328,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We reviewed the evidence on features of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in trichinellosis, systematically searching five databases (to January 2021). We categorized clinical features based on their diagnostic value as warning signs for severe CNS infection (with outcome death) or non-specific signs (outcome improvement). They were suggestive of severe infection if they substantially raised death probability. The review included 87 papers published from 1906 through 2019, with data on 168 patients. Mydriasis, paraparesis, dysphagia, psychomotor seizures, or delirium present a 30\u201345% increased death likelihood. The best poor prognosis predictor is mydriasis (positive likelihood ratio 9.08). Slow\/absent light reflex, diminished\/absent knee reflexes, globally decreased tendon reflexes present a moderate increase (20\u201325%) of death risk. Anisocoria, acalculia, or seizures could also indicate an increased death risk. We provided a detailed presentation of clinical and paraclinical signs that alert physicians of a possible neurotrichinellosis, emphasizing signs that might indicate a poor prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11060945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T13:14:21Z","timestamp":1621948461000},"page":"945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2412-1942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena Cecilia","family":"Rosca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Timisoara, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1971-6901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raluca","family":"Tudor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Timisoara, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7293-3414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amalia","family":"Cornea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Timisoara, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9676-1282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"Simu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Timisoara, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca No. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Srikiatkhachorn, A., Rattanawong, W., and Jongwutiwes, S. (2021, May 18). Trichinosis. Available online: https:\/\/www.medlink.com\/articles\/trichinosis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01878586","article-title":"Ueber die Trichinen-Krankheit des Menschen","volume":"18","author":"Zenker","year":"1860","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Anat. Physiol. Klin. 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