{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:08:53Z","timestamp":1760234933417,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Slovenian Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P3-0083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P3-0083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Legionella pneumophila is the causative agent of severe Legionnaires\u2019 disease (LD). Although an increasing number of LD cases have been observed, published data from Slovenia are very limited and data on molecular epidemiology are even scarcer. The present retrospective study (2006\u20132020) reports the results of the microbiological diagnosis of LD, as well as the epidemiology and characterization of the Legionella clinical isolates. We tested urine samples from 15,540 patients with pneumonia symptoms for L. pneumophila infection by urine antigen test, of which 717 (4.6%) tested positive. Isolation of L. pneumophila was successfully performed from 88 clinical specimens, with 82 (93.2%) being identified as L. pneumophila sg 1 and six (6.8%) as L. pneumophila sg 2\u201314. Sequence-based typing (SBT) identified 33 different sequence types (STs), the most frequent being ST1 and ST23. Sequence type 1 mainly comprised isolates belonging to the Philadelphia subgroup, and ST23 mostly to Allentown\/France. The standard SBT scheme, as well as Dresden phenotyping for L. pneumophila, presented a high diversity among isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11071201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T10:06:34Z","timestamp":1625220394000},"page":"1201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Legionella pneumophila\u2014Epidemiology and Characterization of Clinical Isolates, Slovenia, 2006\u20132020"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Darja","family":"Ke\u0161e","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zalo\u0161ka 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aljo\u0161a","family":"Obreza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zalo\u0161ka 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tereza","family":"Rojko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Japljeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4053-5590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tja\u0161a Cerar","family":"Ki\u0161ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zalo\u0161ka 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2010.05.006","article-title":"Legionella infections and travel associated legionellosis","volume":"9","author":"Guyard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Travel Med. 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