{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:49:09Z","timestamp":1785419349868,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Benign so-called \u201cbrown tumors\u201d secondary to hyperparathyroidism are a rare diagnostic pitfall due to their impressively malignant-like character in various imaging modalities. We present the case of a 65-year-old male patient with multiple unclear osteolytic lesions on prior imaging suspicious for metastatic malignant disease. Eventually, findings of 18F-FDG PET\/CT staging and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy resulted in revision of the initially suspected malignant diagnosis. This case illustrates how molecular imaging findings non-invasively corroborate the correct diagnosis of osteitis fibrosa cystica generalisata with the formation of multiple benign brown tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11081355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T05:23:48Z","timestamp":1627449828000},"page":"1355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Molecular Imaging with 18F-FDG PET\/CT and 99mTc-MIBI SPECT\/CT in Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica Generalisata"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9566-8438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrien","family":"Holzgreve","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3471-4701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias P.","family":"Fabritius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kn\u00f6sel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena M.","family":"Mittlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0832-5662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"R\u00fcbenthaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhold","family":"Tiling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8087-3722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph J.","family":"Auernhammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bartenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Unterrainer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199701000-00005","article-title":"Regional body FDG-PET in postoperative recurrent hyperparathyroidism","volume":"21","author":"Neumann","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v2.i10.348","article-title":"FDG-PET\/CT and parathyroid carcinoma: Review of literature and illustrative case series","volume":"2","author":"Evangelista","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1769","article-title":"99mTc-MIBI in differentiated thyroid carcinoma","volume":"40","author":"Roelants","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med. Off. Publ. Soc. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1840-x","article-title":"To use MIBI or not to use MIBI? That is the question when assessing tumour cells","volume":"32","author":"Moretti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000003380","article-title":"Detection of Unexpected Brown Tumors Due to Hyperparathyroidism Diagnosed by 18F-FDG PET\/CT","volume":"46","author":"Geysen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.4103\/1450-1147.167598","article-title":"Multiple Brown Tumors Caused by a Parathyroid Adenoma Mimicking Metastatic Bone Disease from Giant Cell Tumor","volume":"15","author":"Phulsunga","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1979-5","article-title":"False-positive FDG-PET scan due to brown tumours","volume":"33","author":"Arens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. 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