{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T15:37:53Z","timestamp":1767713873831,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immune responses to tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and nonapeptides of gliadin (npG) are associated with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), a gluten-related dermatosis. Recently, a bi-analyte immunoblot (b-aIB) was introduced to detect IgA antibodies in response to tTG and npG. We compared the utility of ELISA and b-aIB with tTG in serological diagnoses of DH and their agreement with direct immunofluorescence (DIF). In total, 55 sera (27 DIF-positive DH patients, 4 DIF-negative DH patients and 24 healthy controls) were examined. ELISA for anti-tTG IgA, b-aIB for anti-npG and anti-tTG IgA, and statistical analysis were performed. The b-aIB with tTG showed 78% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, and 82% negative predictive value in relation to ELISA. A better rate of agreement (Cohen\u2019s kappa values) in IgA detection was observed in the pair tTG ELISA and b-aIB with npG (0.85) than in pairs tTG ELISA and b-aIB with tTG (0.78) or b-aIB with tTG and b-aIB with npG (0.78). No degree of agreement was found between serological tests and DIF. Both serological tests may be used to detect the anti-tTG IgA in DH patients. Still, DH diagnosing requires careful consideration of clinical data as well as results of tissue imaging (crucial DIF) and immunoserological techniques detecting DH-type features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11081414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T04:33:29Z","timestamp":1628138009000},"page":"1414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of a Bi-Analyte Immunoblot as a Useful Tool for Diagnosing Dermatitis Herpetiformis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3106-064X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Gornowicz-Porowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Mazowiecka Street, 60-623 Pozna\u0144, Poland"},{"name":"Autoimmune Blistering Dermatoses Section, Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Seraszek-Jaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Ja\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autoimmune Blistering Dermatoses Section, Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8221-7622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Bowszyc-Dmochowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cutaneous Histopathology and Immunopathology Section, Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Kaczmarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4819-2051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Dmochowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autoimmune Blistering Dermatoses Section, Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1051\/bmdcn\/2017070315","article-title":"Transglutaminase 2 in human diseases","volume":"7","author":"Szondy","year":"2017","journal-title":"BioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13449","article-title":"Transglutaminases in autoimmune and inherited skin diseases: The phenomena of epitope spreading and functional compensation","volume":"27","author":"Mayer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. 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