{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T22:01:58Z","timestamp":1766181718334,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-07-00395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-07-00395"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0035-2019-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0035-2019-0014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"State task","award":["0082-2019-0012 (State registration No. \u0410\u0410\u0410\u0410-\u041020-120021190043-7)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0082-2019-0012 (State registration No. \u0410\u0410\u0410\u0410-\u041020-120021190043-7)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Radiation therapy is one of the cardinal approaches in the treatment of malignant tumors of the pelvis. It leads to the development of radiation-induced complications in the normal tissues. Thus, the evaluation of radiation-induced changes in the extracellular matrix of the normal tissue is deemed urgent, since connective tissue stroma degradation plays a crucial role in the development of Grade 3\u20134 adverse effects (hemorrhage, necrosis, and fistula). Such adverse effects not only drastically reduce the patients\u2019 quality of life but can also become life-threatening. The aim of this study is to quantitatively analyze the bladder collagen state in patients who underwent radiation therapy for cervical and endometrial cancer and in patients with chronic bacterial cystitis and compare them to the normal bladder extracellular matrix. Materials and methods: One hundred and five patients with Grade 2\u20134 of radiation cystitis, 67 patients with bacterial chronic cystitis, and 20 volunteers without bladder pathology were enrolled. Collagen changes were evaluated depending on its hierarchical level: fibrils and fibers level by atomic force microscopy; fibers and bundles level by two-photon microscopy in the second harmonic generation (SHG) mode; general collagen architectonics by cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT). Results: The main sign of the radiation-induced damage of collagen fibrils and fibers was the loss of the ordered \u201cbasket-weave\u201d packing and a significant increase in the total area of ruptures deeper than 1 \u00b5m compared to the intact sample. The numerical analysis of SHG images detected that a decrease in the SHG signal intensity of collagen is correlated with the increase in the grade of radiation cystitis. The OCT signal brightness in cross-polarization images demonstrated a gradual decrease compared to the intact bladder depending on the grade of the adverse event. Conclusions: The observed correspondence between the extracellular matrix changes at the microscopic level and at the level of the general organ architectonics allows for the consideration of CP OCT as a method of \u201coptical biopsy\u201d in the grading of radiation-induced collagen damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11091615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T10:59:12Z","timestamp":1630925952000},"page":"1615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Late Changes in the Extracellular Matrix of the Bladder after Radiation Therapy for Pelvic Tumors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Olga","family":"Streltsova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"E.V. Shakhov Department of Urology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4769-417X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Kiseleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Varvara","family":"Dudenkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Sergeeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Tararova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncology Dispensary, 190 Rodionova St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Kochueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7011-4503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetlana","family":"Kotova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoriya","family":"Timofeeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Yunusova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Anatomical Pathology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bavrina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7773-2435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Timashev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Solovieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Maslennikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy and Radiological Diagnostics, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Biophysics of Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, BLDG 2, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-012-0833-7","article-title":"External-beam radiotherapy and\/or HDR brachytherapy in postoperative endometrial cancer patients: Clinical outcomes and toxicity rates","volume":"118","author":"Agolli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiol. 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