{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T05:28:38Z","timestamp":1785389318782,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We used our novel three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging-computed tomography fusion images (3D MRI-CT fusion images; MCFIs) for detailed preoperative lesion evaluation and surgical simulation in osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow. Herein, we introduce our procedure and report the findings of the assessment of its utility. We enrolled 16 men (mean age: 14.0 years) and performed preoperative MRI using 7 kg axial traction with a 3-Tesla imager and CT. Three-dimensional-MRI models of the humerus and articular cartilage and a 3D-CT model of the humerus were constructed. We created MCFIs using both models. We validated the findings obtained from the MCFIs and intraoperative findings using the following items: articular cartilage fissures and defects, articular surface deformities, vertical and horizontal lesion diameters, the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) classification, and surgical procedures. The MCFIs accurately reproduced the lesions and correctly matched the ICRS classification in 93.5% of cases. Surgery was performed as simulated in all cases. Preoperatively measured lesion diameters exhibited no significant differences compared to the intraoperative measurements. MCFIs were useful in the evaluation of OCD lesions and detailed preoperative surgical simulation through accurate reproduction of 3D structural details of the lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11122337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T01:28:11Z","timestamp":1639358891000},"page":"2337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Preoperative Evaluation and Surgical Simulation for Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow Using Three-Dimensional MRI-CT Image Fusion Images"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sho","family":"Kohyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kikkoman General Hospital, Noda 278-0005, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasumasa","family":"Nishiura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsuchiura Clinical Education and Training Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsuchiura 300-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mito Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Ibaraki 311-3193, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6034-1593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akira","family":"Ikumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mito Medical Education and Training Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tsukuba University Hospital, Mito 310-0015, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eriko","family":"Okano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasukazu","family":"Totoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1447-4664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuichi","family":"Yoshii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo 300-0395, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9293-3531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masashi","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509354969","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum","volume":"38","author":"Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. 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