{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T06:47:06Z","timestamp":1762325226862,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Isolated post-traumatic cerebral mucormycosis represents an extremely rare and severe disease. A case of isolated cerebral mucormycosis infection caused by Lichtheimia spp. in a 21-year-old multi-trauma patient is presented. The patient was hospitalized in the intensive care unit and underwent craniotomy due to brain injuries. Two weeks following the initial procedure, pus drained from the surgical wound was microscopically examined and cultured, yielding Lichtheimia spp. Imaging showed parietal, temporal and frontal abscesses at the right side. The patient was commenced on amphotericin B and underwent surgical debridement, while histopathological examination of the affected tissue demonstrated broad, aseptate hyphae, findings typical for mucormycetes. The patient passed away due to heavy traumatic injuries after 2 months. It is speculated that direct inoculation was the portal of entry for infection, and that high steroid use for 2 weeks following inoculation contributed to the severity of infection that developed. Isolated cerebral mucormycosis in immunocompetent hosts is an extremely rare, but severe disease. Diagnosis is established through direct microscopy, histopathology and\/or cultures. PCR-based techniques are useful either to detect mucormycetes in tissues, especially when cultures are negative, or to accurately identify the fungi grown in cultures at the species level. A high suspicion index, especially in the necrotic lesions of traumas, is of the utmost importance for early diagnosis. Appropriate surgical debridement, as well as antifungal therapy, including amphotericin B, represents the treatment of choice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12020358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T08:20:29Z","timestamp":1643617229000},"page":"358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Isolated Cerebral Mucormycosis Caused by Lichtheimia Species in a Polytrauma Patient"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Mamali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, 185 36 Pireas, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Koutserimpas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 251 Hellenic Air Force General Hospital of Athens, 115 25 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olympia","family":"Zarkotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, 185 36 Pireas, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4766-8238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgia","family":"Vrioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Samonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 715 00 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx101","article-title":"Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis","volume":"56","author":"Skiada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Mycol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakash, H., and Chakrabarti, A. 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