{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T20:10:29Z","timestamp":1789416629410,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020R1F1A1052068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1F1A1052068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002446","name":"Catholic University of Pusan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early diagnosis increases the treatment success rate for active tuberculosis (ATB) and decreases mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been studied as blood-based markers of several infectious diseases. We performed miRNA profiling to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs using whole blood samples from 10 healthy controls (HCs), 15 subjects with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and 12 patients with ATB, and investigated the expression of the top six miRNAs at diagnosis and over the treatment period in addition to performing miRNA-target gene network and gene ontology analyses. miRNA profiling identified 84 DE miRNAs in patients with ATB, including 80 upregulated and four downregulated miRNAs. Receiver operating characteristic curves of the top six miRNAs exhibited excellent distinguishing efficiency with an area under curve (AUC) value &gt; 0.85. Among them, miR-199a-3p and miR-6886-3p can differentiate between ATB and LTBI. Anti-TB treatment restored the levels of miR-199b-3p, miR-199a-3p, miR-16-5p, and miR-374c-5p to HC levels. Furthermore, 108 predicted target genes were related to the regulation of cellular amide metabolism, intrinsic apoptotic signaling, translation, transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling, and cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. The DE miRNAs identified herein are potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in ATB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12020369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T09:59:21Z","timestamp":1643709561000},"page":"369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Identification of MicroRNAs as Potential Blood-Based Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Active Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Junseong","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8185-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heechul","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Bae","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-A","family":"Je","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunsol","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Vaccine Research Section, International Tuberculosis Research Center, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bora","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1773-023X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyunwoo","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9543-4159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Nae","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Vaccine Research Section, International Tuberculosis Research Center, Seoul 03772, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Ae","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyejon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Vaccine Research Section, International Tuberculosis Research Center, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2511-6555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunghyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Specialist Program for In Vitro Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2010.005","article-title":"Testing for tuberculosis","volume":"33","author":"Konstantinos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust. 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